-
Marked increase in the use of visual materials such as films, pictures, and lantern slides in the public schools. The visual instruction movement began.
-
Thousands of WW2 soliders were systemically trained.
-
Interest in media continued with the growth of television.
-
B.F. Skinner introduced "programmed instruction". He suggested that the program should include small steps, frequent questions, and immediate feedback; and should allow self-pacing.
-
Benjamin Blood developed the 'Taxonomy of Educational Objectives". Today this work is referred to as "Blooms Taxonomy". This model helps to identify the principal domains of learning.
-
J.D. Finn indicated that instructional technology should be viewed as a way of looking at instructional problems and examining feasible solutions to those problems.
-
Robert F. Mager popularized learning objectives.
-
The definition produced by a commission established by the Dept. of Audiovisual Instruction focused on "the design and use of messages which control the learning process"(p.38).It included a series of steps that individuals should undertake in designing and using such messages. These steps include planning, production, selection, utilization, and management.
-
Robert Gagne described the three domains of learning outcomes as cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. He described the five learning outcomes as verbal information, intellectual skills, cognitive strategy, attitude, and motor skills. He also described nine events of instruction in research calling it "The Conditions of Learning".
-
The Rise of Information Systems approach to instruction was developed across military, academia, and organizations. They also started to use media such as filmstrips during this time.
-
Instructional design framework that training developers use. It has five phases that are analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation.
-
Programmed Logic for Automatic Teaching Operation was one of the first commercialized computer assisted instructional system allowing computers to be integrated into instruction. At this time, rising interest in the principles of cognitive psychology was starting.
-
David Merrill developed CDT, which concentrates on the methods of presenting instructional materials.
-
Constructivist theory within the field became more active. Constructivists state that learning should be "authentic" and produce real-world learning experiences that allow the learner to form, and construct their own knowledge.
-
The 1st "digital natives" are born. Email has taken off. Virtual learning environments are beginning and "eLearning" becomes a widely recognized term.
-
Performance improvement and performance support became a fast growing trend.
-
Improved internet penetration, eLearning became more prevalent in the corporate sector. Companies were starting to use eLearning for onboarding new employees and developing new skills. Video and simulations became possible with internet bandwidth improvement. inte
-
One of the most popular and influential ID models was created by Dick, Carey, and Carey. Curvilinear flow diagram instead of the traditional rectilinear rows of boxes connected by straight lines.
-
The definition statement that appears in the book is as follows: Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.
-
The infusion of smart phones and tablets into corporations and homes, mobile and social learning started to penetrate the industry.
-
The Learner Experience Design focuses on the process of creating learning experiences that enable the learner to achieve the desired learning outcome in a human centered and goal oriented way.
