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This process began 10,000 years ago among the peoples of Mesopotamia and Egypt, and continued throughout the world between those Europe (4500 BC), Africa (3000 BC) and America (2500 BC).
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Separation of the Catholic Church caused because was more interested in income than saving souls and others events.
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At the beginning of the 18th century, the manufacture of fabrics was the industry with the most workers.
From the 16th century on, England became an important producer of woolen fabrics. -
It began to increase in the 1700 and 1800, the European population went from about 115 to 190 million inhabitants.
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Until well into the 18th century, iron was obtained by heating layers of material and charcoal in furnaces several meters high. The product obtained was a high quality iron: wrought iron or soft iron.
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The first lathe was the one invented around 1751 by Jacques de Vaucanson.
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The first power spinning machine was invented in 1764: the spinning-jenny. It was made up of a manually operated mechanism that was neither too big nor too expensive. The former had only eight uses and after twenty years of spindle it could have eighty spindles.
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The factory system was a productive method and an organization of industrial work, possibly Richard Arkwright was the promoter of this factory system.
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A new type of spinning machine was invented: the water-frame. The thread it made was of higher quality than the previous one: it was thinner and stronger but it was a large and heavy mechanism.
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Causes:
More factories were built.
Trasportation and communication changed.
Technology increased -
The excess sulfur that the iron contained, making it brittle. But the most expensive and delicate objects demanded wrought iron.
In 1784, puddling was invented, which was basically a process to reduce the sulfur content of iron. -
The process of weaving had become more rapid since a simple mechanism had appeared in the 18th century: the flying shuttle. But this one did not have sufficient capacity to weave the great amount of thread that the mechanical spinning machines provided.
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The cotton industry continued its progress: spinning and weaving machines were being perfected and were moved by steam engines.
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The English engineer Richard Trevithick and his compatriot Andrew Vivian patented a traction steam locomotive that moved on rails by means of a gear.
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Robert Fulton launched a ship whose propeller was a paddle wheel, powered by a steam engine.
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The use of electricity as a source of energy began in the late nineteenth century, thanks to various technological inventions: the dynamo, transformers and the use of the force of falling water.
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By the 1880, research had developed the internal combustion engine and a heavy oil engine, using petroleum derivatives as an energy source.
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One of the industries that reached greater development was the iron and steel industry or manufacture of iron.
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From the early years of the 19th century there were inventors who tried to apply the steam engine to a vehicle engine. The first to do so managed to start an internal combustion gas engine tied to a car. It was perfected with the combustion of gasoline and air.The car
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Well into the 19th century, a new industry developed that made it possible to manufacture previously unknown or little-used products.
