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Council for Exceptional Children
Founded by Ferrell and other teachers. Development of special education as a profession. -
Brown v. Board of Education
A landmark court case that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson case saying that “Separate is not equal”. This court case brought attention to black v. white’s in school and special need students v. general education students. This case encouraged the formation of many advocacy groups to inform the public of need of special education programs. -
Section 504
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act allows protection from discrimination of special needs and disabilities. Tis law is considered the first law giving protection to students with special needs. This law
includes FAPE and LRE. Students are eligible when they have either a physical or mental disability that inhibits their learning experience. -
Least Restrictive Environment
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) means that with a student’s IEP, they must also be in as many regular education classes as possible. This ensures that the student has social experiences. In LRE classrooms paras and aids are usually required. -
Inclusion Movement
Integration of students with disabilities into general education
classrooms. -
Regular Education Initiative (REI)
A movement during the 1980s to try and correct the limitations of IDEA by eliminating separate special education programs and creating one system of general education in which students with disabilities were to be supported within general education classrooms. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
The Americans with Disabilities Act was signed into law by President
George W . Bush. The act promises people with special needs will have the same rights as everybody else. This includes both school and work. This act also stated that people with special needs cannot be discriminated against in schools, the workplace, and everyday society such as public transportation. -
IDEA
The individuals with disabilities Education Act was also signed into law by George W . Bush. This law includes 6 pillars: FAPE, LRE, IEP, evaluation, parent/student participation, and all procedural safeguards for participants. This law also has 4 sections. -
No Child Left Behind
No Child Left Behind was signed into law by President George W . Bush. This law states that all students should be proficient in math and reading by 2014. This law had some states asking to not be part of it. Some schools have been caught falsifying scores while others took it seriously and reported if they were not proficient. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004
The reauthorized statute is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 and is known as IDEA 2004.
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 has two primary purposes. The first purpose is to provide an education that meets a child’s unique needs and prepares the child for further education, employment, and independent living. The second purpose is to protect the rights of both children with disabilities and their parents. -
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
The Every Student Succeeds Act, also known as ESSA, is the new federal education law, signed by President Barack Obama in December 2015. For 14 long years, students and educators lived under the deeply flawed No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act. ESSA returns decision-making to where it belongs: in the hands of local educators, parents, and communities.