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Itard and Seguin
Late 18th to mid 19th century
Systematic educative procedures for the hardest to teach children -
Gallaudet
First American residential for students who were deaf -
Samuel Howe
First residential school for students who were blind -
Normalization and Deinstitutionalization
Breaking down barriers to participation in society -
Council for Exceptional Children
founded by Ferell and other teachers
Development of special education as a profession -
Inclusion
Integration of students with disabilities into general education classrooms -
Organization of parent groups
Provide support, information, and structure for obtaining resources -
Organizations, such as the Special Olympics
Advocacy for caring and fair treatment of individuals with disabilities -
Education for all Handicapped Children Act
The original Act and its amendments ensure that all children and youths with disabilities have a right to a free, appropriate public education -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
ensures that all children and youth with disabilities have a right to a free and appropriate public education (FAPE). -
American with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Ensures the right to nondiscriminatory treatment in other aspects of life; a civil rights law -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
"Standards-based" reform, consequences to special ed. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act