-
Monroe Doctrine
In 1823, President James Monroe of the U.S. issued this doctrine saying that American continents are not to be considered nations for future colonization by European powers. There was little done to enforce this doctrine until 1898. -
Great Trek
In the 1830s, the Boers (Dutch-speaking colonists) in South Africa moved to the North in order to escape the British whom they were fighting with as a result of Britain's policy regarding land and slaves. -
Opium Wars
The Opium wars were two wars between the British and Chinese in the mid-nineteenth century. The war was fought because the British were smuggling huge amounts of opium into China and China wanted to stop them. Britain won. -
Treaty of Nanjing
This was an agreement between China and Great Britain that marked the end of the Opium Wars. It was an unequal treaty signed in 1842 that gave the British both Hong Kong and a great deal of money. -
Boer War
The Boer war beginning in 1899, was fought between the British and the Boers. It was the first modern total war and was won by Britain. It was also known as the South African War. -
Boxer Rebellion
WIthout being stopped by the Chinese government, peasants set siege on the European part of Beijing for months. Eventually the European soldiers defeated the Chinese peasants. -
Panama Canal Built
After helping Panamanians gain their independence from Colombia, Panama granted the United States a tem-mile-wide zone in which it could build the canal under the presidency of Theodore Roosevelt.
