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Germany invades Poland, starting World War II in Europe.
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The Soviet Union occupies Poland from the east.
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Germany attacks western Europe (France and the Low Countries).
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Battle of Britain begins.
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Einsatzgruppen shoot about 34,000 Jews at Babi Yar, outside Kiev.
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Einsatzgruppen round up 13,000 Jews from the Minsk ghetto and kill them in nearby Tuchinki (Tuchinka).
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Germans begin the mass deportation of more than 65,000 Jews from Lodz to the Chelmno killing center.
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Soviet troops counterattack at Stalingrad, trapping the German Sixth Army in the city.
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Battle of Kursk.
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Rescue of Jews in Denmark.
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Battle of the Bulge.
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Germany surrenders to the Soviets.