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The Magic Lantern
What: The Magic Lantern is an early example of the modern-day "projector" Who: Christian Huygens Where: The Hague, Dutch Republic Why: The original purposes was the project demonic images. Some slides on the projection would appear moving objects Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NnmbvdeIrQ (newer model, same concept) Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christiaan_Huygens -
Thaumatrope
What: Thaumatrope: a simple toy in the 19th century Who: Christiaan Huygens Where: The Hague, Dutch Republic Why: It was made to make an image appear projected onto an adjacent flat surface Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3nhBMigFN_w Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaumatrope -
Zoetrope
What: Zoetrope was invented Who: William G. Horner created the concept of zoetrope. Where: Bristol, United Kingdom (The birth place of William G. Horner) Why: Horner wanted to make a more convenient model compared to that of Plateau. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3yarT_h2ws Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://www.google.com/?ion=1&espv=2#safe=strict&q=William+G+Horner+birth -
Flip Book
What: The Flip Book was created Who: John B. Linnett Where: Birmingham, England (The birth place of John B. Linnett) Why: Linnett did this to illustrate how the succession of pictures can make it seem as if they are moving Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7n2YF7mfP5s Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Barnes_Linnett -
Praxinoscope
What: The first known animated projection on a screen Who: Charles-Emile Reynaud Where: France Why: Reynaud created the first Praxinoscope in order to project films in public. For instance, many of his animations were played at Theatre Optique. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3yarT_h2ws Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles-%C3%89mile_Reynaud -
Walt Disney and Warner Bros
What: Walt Disney and Time Warner begin Who: Walt Disney and Time Warner Company Where: Los Angeles, USA Why: After Laugh-O-Grams went out of business, Walt began his business and started to produce Steamboat Willie Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBgghnQF6E4 Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walt_Disney
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Bros._Cartoons -
First Censored Cartoon Character
What: Betty Boop, on the show Popeye, was the first character to be seductive Who: Betty Boop Where: At Disney Why: Betty Boop contrasted the conservative minded audience. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s4aU2MNTygY Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
http://mentalfloss.com/article/17945/10-landmark-moments-animation-history -
Period: to
Golden Age of American Animation
What: Golden Age of Animation Who: Walt Disney begins this age Where: United States Why: Disney's Snow White began the spark of the Golden Age of Animation. Disney was attempting to depart from realism. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=II-OZIxS7Z0 Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_age_of_American_animation -
The Television Era
What: Color television was introduced Who: Hannah Barbara released "The Flintstones" Where: Was introduced to the US Market in 1951 Why: The television era was made to please the public which brought a decrease in attention to animated films in theaters Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3H1caXzHclw Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_television
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_and_white#Media -
Cartoons Go Primetime
What: "Gerald McBoing-Boing" becomes a primetime slot on Sunday afternoons Who: TV show "Gerald McBoing-Boing" Where: UPA created this Why: The UPA wanted to be different than Disney and make their own cartoons Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zpl0KRFdj1E Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
http://mentalfloss.com/article/17945/10-landmark-moments-animation-history -
First G-Rated Cartoon Film
What: First G Rated Cartoon Film: Charlie Brown Who: Bill Melendez Where: Cinema Center Films Why: It was created off of the comic strip of "Peanuts" Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=055wFyO6gag Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Boy_Named_Charlie_Brown -
Period: to
Modern US Animation
What: The rise in Modern Animation Who: Steven Spielberg's collaborations sparked the modern era Where: United States Why: Many large entertainment companies felt the need to reform and reinvigorate their animation following the decline of the 70s and 80s. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6m50BNikMo Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_animation_in_the_United_States -
Jurassic Park
What: Jurassic Park was the first to use CG animation for realistic creatures Who: Michael Crichton Where: America Media Franchine Why: The original purpose was to create realistic appearing dinosaurs through the implementation of CG animation. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lc0UehYemQA Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
http://cs.brown.edu/courses/cs229/animTimeline.html -
CGI Animation
What: Computer-generated Imagery Who: Peter Foldes Where: First fully animated feature film: Pixar's "Toy Story" Why: The drawings are replaced by 3D modeling, almost like a virtual vision of stop-motion. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96kI8Mp1uOU Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toy_Story -
First R-Rated CGI Film
What: First R-Rated CGI Film: Sausage Party Who: Greg Tiernan Where: California, United States Why: Greg Tiernan wanted to be the first director to direct a R-rated CGI movie. He managed to gross 119 million on a 19 million dollar budget Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9VoNgLnjzVg Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_animation#Zoetrope_.281834.29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sausage_Party
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg_Tiernan
