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The Great Awakening
The Great Awakening of the 1740’s refers to an excitement about religion that swept through the American colonies. -
Declaration of Independence
The Declaration states that it is the right and duty of a people who to overthrow the government and change the system if the government takes away their rights. -
Ideals of a new Nation
• In his Farewell Address of 1797, George Washington advised his countrymen to avoid foreign entanglements, a military that was too powerful, and political parties, that split people.
• Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States at four cents and acre, cost fifteen million dollars, gave America control of the port of New Orleans and the Mississippi River, and removed the French treat from the frontier.
• The main purpose of the Lewis and Clark -
The U.S constitutional
The Articles of Confederation was the first government of the United States. It was weak because it did not provide for a national chief executive, had no power to tax. -
Alexander and Thomas jefferson
• The two disagreements between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton led to the creation of the two-party political system. They disagreed over the size of the federal government. Hamilton favored a strong federal government, Jefferson a limited federal government with more powers to the states. -
Foreign Policy in the Early Republic
• The causes of the War of 1812 were impressments and British attacks on U.S. merchant ships, Britain providing Native Americans with arms on the frontier, the desire to expand U.S. territory to include Canada and Spanish Florida. -
Divergent Paths of the Americans
• President Jackson vetoed the bill to re charter the Second Bank of the United States because he believed it benefited the wealthy at the expenses of the common man.
• President Jackson’s policy toward Native Americans centered around a policy of their removal from their homelands. -
The Northeasterners
• Between 1790 and 1840, the U.S. underwent many changes. The country had doubled in size; its population which had grown from 4 million to 17 million; a change from 90% of Americans working as farmers to 60% engaged in farming by 1840; the number of people in towns grew from 5% to 11%.
• The urbanization of the Northeast can be contributed to machines run by waterpower that required factories to be located by lakes, rivers and waterfalls; the factory system replaced the domestic system in the e -
The Southerners
• The cotton gin was invented by Eli Whitney. The cotton gin was a machine that took separated cottonseed from the cotton fiber. This made it possible for one person to remove the seeds from 50 pounds of cotton a day, verses 1 pound a day without the cotton gin.
• Cotton farming in the South greatly expanded after the invention of the cotton gin and slaves were considered more valuable than ever. Less slaves were freed by their owners. Slaves were now expected to work even harder because of the -
The Abolitionist Movement
• The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was the first national stand against slavery, and declared that the land north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River should be without slaves.
• The Missouri Compromise of 1820 allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine to enter as a free state and kept the balance of slave a free states equal. -
Reconstruction
• The Jim Crow laws of the South extended segregation, or separation of the races, in all public places. They were challenged in court and found constitutional by the majority of the Supreme Court.
• The Ku Klux Klan was determined to keep blacks from voting and influencing politics. The KKK claimed to be the ghosts of Confederate soldiers and terrorized blacks in the night. They were responsible for the beating and murdering of hundreds of blacks -
The Civil War
Henry Clay looked beyond sectional demands to forge a compromise that made both sides of the slavery issue give something up they wanted.
• By 1860, the North and South had grown into sections that were widely unlike because the South was almost totally rural, and the North was thriving on industries in several urban centers.
• When Lincoln was elected president in 1860, the Southern states seceded from the Union.