-
The Roman Empire weakened due to internal crises and constant wars.
Barbarian invasions destroyed its political and military stability.
In 395, it split into the Eastern and Western Empires.
In 476, the Germanic leader Odoacer deposed the last emperor, Romulus Augustulus.
This event marked the end of the Western Roman Empire. -
In 1492, Christopher Columbus reached the Caribbean searching for Asia. He traveled with the Niña, the Pinta, and the Santa María. It was the first contact between Europe and America. This began exploration and colonization. It had serious consequences for the indigenous people.
-
The music of the 1500s belonged to the Renaissance period, focused on balance and harmony.
Composers like Palestrina and Josquin des Prez perfected polyphonic singing.
Sacred and secular music both flourished across Europe.
Instruments such as the lute and early keyboard instruments were popular.
This century shaped the foundations of musical notation and composition. -
In Baroque music is characterized by its ornamental richness, contrast between light and dark, and the development of forms such as opera and concerto.
-
Classicism is an artistic and literary movement that strives for harmony, balance, and beauty, inspired by Greco-Roman culture.
-
Musical Classicism is defined by balance, clarity, and formal structure, with prominent composers such as Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven. -
Musical Romanticism expresses deep emotions, creative freedom, and passion, emphasizing virtuosity and the individuality of the composer.
-
In the 20th century, music was marked by experimentation, a break from tradition, and the emergence of new styles such as jazz, serialism, and electronic music.