History of Special Education

By glovett

  • Originators of Special Education

    European Physicians:
    Jean-Marc-Gaspard (1774-1838)
    Philippe Pinel (1745-1826)

  • Early U.S. thinkers of special education

    Samuel Gridley Howe (1801-1876)
    a physician and an educator - 1824 graduate of Harvard Medical School
    Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet (1787-1851)

  • Major 20th Century Ideas in Special Education

    Normalization - using normative means to establish and maintain personal behaviors/characteristics.
    Deinstitutionalization - the removal of children and adults with intellectual disabilities and/or mental illnesses from institutions.

    Inclusion: exceptional children in ordinary classrooms with non-exceptional peers

  • National Parent Organizations- origination

  • Origination of Special Olympics

    Eunice Kennedy Shriver - originated the Special Olympics.

    Called the event Camp Shriver (http://www.specialolympics.org)

  • Education for All Handicapped Children Act

    Federal Law passed- 1975;

  • Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

    amended from the 1975 act in 1990
    Ensures all children with disabilities have the right to a free, appropriate public education (FAPE)

  • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) - 1990

    Federal law to ensure right of individuals with disabilities to non-discriminatory treatment.

  • No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB)

    Under President George W. Bush administration - attempt to improve academic performance of all students, including those with disabilities.