History of Intelligence and Testing

By Nathaliakohlhase

  • Robert Yerkes

    Robert Yerkes developed the Army Alpha and Beta Tests to measure intelligence in a group format.

  • Art of thought

    Graham Wallace published one of the first models of the creative process. In Wallace's process creatitive insights and illuminations maybe expalined throughout five stages. Which are as follows: preperation, incubation, inimation, illumintation, verification.

  • Edward Thorndike

    Thorndike describes social intelligence as the ability to get along with others.

  • Primary Metnal Abilities

    Thurstone introduced the primary mental abilities, that he sperated into seven different catigories.

  • Humanistic Psychologist Discoveries

    Maslow described how people could build emtional strength.

  • Wechsler Scale

    Weschler was dissatisfied with the Stanford-Benit intelligence scale. He created the Wechslet intelligence scale for children, the Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelliegence, and the Wechsler adult intelligence scale, the average score is 100.

  • Intellelectual Disablilities

    Intellectual disablitlies were now defined as not only and IQ lower than 70, but also the mental function and relating the functional skills to the enviorment.

  • The Shattered Mind

    Howrad Gardner wrote a book which introduces the multiple types of intelligences, called The Shattered Mind.

  • Multiple Intelligence Theories

    Gardner believed that intelligence abilities come in packages. If one ablility is destroyed in the brain, then that person may excel in the other abilitiy.

  • Wayne Payne

    Wayne Payne introduces the term emotional intellligence, which he mentioned in A study of emotion.

  • Sternberg's Three Intelligence

    Sternberg proposes a triachic theory of three intelligences, which are: analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, practical intelligence.

  • Components of Creativity

    Sternberg and his collegues identified five components to creativity.

  • Emotional Intelligence

    Peter Salovery adn John D Mayer proposed a model that identified four different factors emotional intelligence. Which are: perception of emotion, abliltiy to reason using emotion, ability to undersand emotion, and ability to manage emotions.

  • Popularization of emotional intelligence

    Emotional intelligence became more popular after the publication of : "Why It Can Be More Than An IQ."

  • Present Day

    In the present day to test the intelligence of a person there are now the ACT and SAT test.