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Discovered by Johann Friedrich Miescher -
Frederick Griffith reported the firs widely accepted demonstrations of bacterial transformation
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Pheobus Levene discovered the components of DNA; adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, deoxyribose phosphate.
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In 1944 they did an experiment which explained Griffith's results that if you combine non-virulent and heat-killed smooth strain and expose mice to it, it will die With this information, February 1944 they published an article where they suggested that DNA, rather than protein, may be the hereditary material of bacteria- and perhaps in higher organisms as well
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They concluded that DNA, not protein, was the genetic material. They also dtermined that a protective protein coat was formed around the bacteriophage, but the internal DNA is what conferred its ability to produce progeny inside bacteria
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Rosalind Franklin took an X-ray Diffraction Image of DNA -
He examined the abundance of the nuclobases and noticed that the amount of adenine and thymine were always in balance, same as the amount of cytosine and guanine