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1095
Pope Urban calls for the Crusades
Pope called the Crusades to defeat the Muslims in the Holy Land. -
1200
The Crusades helped improve medieval Europe
In 1201 the Crusades had an impact that changed medieval Europe, this was an increase in trade and a larger population, which helped the cities grow and develop. -
1271
Marco Polo's expedition in Asia
Marco Polo voyaged with his father and uncle to Asia from Venice, Italy. They ended up coming back with new ideas and different ways to live. -
1293
The danger of Marco Polo's expedition back to Venice, Italy
The Polo's set about their voyage from Asia back to Venice, Italy. When they got back several hundred of the passengers were dead and only 18 survived. -
1298
Europe fights against Venice's biggest enemy Genoa
Marco Polo was in a battle against Genoa when he was captured. During his prison time, he met a writer who encouraged him to publish his notes from his travels. -
1415
Portuguese captured the Fortress of Ceuta in Africa
Portugal was able to begin its dreams of controlling the global market of gold as it set up trading posts in Africa. They collected gold and silver which was being used as a new currency. -
1419
Portugal discovering the Madeira Islands
This discovery encouraged Prince Henry to go even further south along the African coastline thanks to the invention of the caravel. -
1427
Portugal's discovery of Azores Islands
Portugal discovering new lands such as the Azores Islands encouraged Prince Henry to bring Portugal even further south. -
1434
Prince Henry successful return boyage
After many failed attempts at returning home, Prince Henry was finally able to. This led to Portugal being motivated to venture even further. -
1469
Marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
This marriage unified Catholic Spain and began the new process of building a better nation that would compete for global power against others, such as Portugal. -
1488
Bartolomeu Días reaching the tip of Africa
Días surprised everyone by going even farther than anyone expected and anyone had done before, he wanted to go further to India but his crew stoped him. -
Oct 12, 1492
Spain expels Muslims
This event took Spain one step forward to making them an imperial power, which led to Ferdinand and Isabella looking beyond their borders. -
1498
Vasco Da Gama finally reaching India
Da Gama was the leader in one of the ships that had made it to Cape Verde Islands and later made it to India, which was King Joâo II dream -
The Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes wrote The Leviathan. -
The Second Treatise on Government
John Locke wrote The Second Treatise on Government. -
Declaration of Independence
The people under Great Britain's control called for a revolution for freedom. -
Declaration of the Rights of Man
The French people also wanted a revolution against their rulers, which began the French Revolution and Declaration of the Rights of Man, which they got inspiration from the United States. -
Beginning of Haitian revolution
Slaves began revolting as a result of France revolution and abolishing slavery in France, known as Haitian Revolution -
Ending the revolution
Slavery was ended after slaves won the revolution, and France took over the island -
Napoleon invades
The French Emperor known as Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Spain -
Father Hidalgo rang the church bells
The bell he rang was a wake-up call for the people in town to get up immediately get their arms and fight for their independence. -
Bolívar and his men make a move
Bolívar and his men invade Venezuela marking the very beginning of the Campaña Admirable (Admirable Campaign). -
Chile gets taken
Martín surprised Spanish soldiers and liberated back Santiago, Chile where he was able to proceed with his plan of capturing Lima. -
Economic crisis caused Depression
Mosses Austin lost his fortune but he made a plan to create a colony of American families in Texas. -
Austin and his father start their journey
Austin and his father left to cross in East Texas with their slave to fulfill Austin's plan -
Bolívar fights against Spain
Bolívar came back from Venezuela and had support from Haiti, and fought the Spanish so that he could gain more territory. -
Mexico gets independence from Spain
The effort that Father Miguel Hidalgo and Costilla eventually helped get independence from Spain. -
Peru's independance
San Martín was able to support and help proclaim Peru independent from Spain, which was when he was named protector of Peru. -
Austin gets what he needed from the Mexican Government
Austin was able to get what he wanted and the Mexican government passed the Imperial Colonization Law. Later that year Austin headed back to Texas. He was able to start his colony. -
Austin met challenges
His contract with the Mexican government was running out, but he was able to create a new town called San Felipe de Austin, which helped encourage more people to come live in Austin. -
Mexico’s Constitution
Mexican constitution stated that Mexico wanted to be ruled by a president and congress would make laws, which would create a federalist government. As this new constitution was shared some people agreed while others thought against it. -
Austin had gained 4 more colonies
José Miguel de Arciniega, Gaspar Flores de Abrego, José Antonio
Saucedo, and Erasmo Seguín all helped contribute to Austin so that the colony could grow in population and land. There were a lot of slaves coming as well. -
Benjamin and Haden Edwards Republic of Fredonia
The Edwards initiated the first conflict in Texas between US settlers and the Mexican government, by revolting against squatters. -
San Felipe reached between 100 and 200 residents
Everyone had built buildings and homes themselves, but more and more people were starting to come helping contribute to the colony. -
General Mier y Teran inspection of Texas
Based on the Edwards incident, as General Mier y Teran looked around Texas he realized that the Anglos had a strong advantage over the Mexicans to overthrow Mexicans. -
Law of April 6, 1830
The law was written so that Mexico had full control over Texas. The circumstances consisted of no immigration from the US, no more empresario grants, and no new slaves could be brought from Texas. -
Turtle Bayou Resolutions
Texans wrote statements attacking the Mexican Govt. and pledged their support towards Santa Anna, in the Constitution of 1824. They wanted peace with Mexico, although there were many conflicts that got in the way of this. -
Conventions of 1832 and 1833
When Santa Anna was elected president the Texans wrote up requests they had for him because he had promised a federalist govt. -
Santa Anna becomes selfish
Santa Anna decided himself that Mexico was "not ready" for a democracy, so he selfishly made himself dictator. -
Consultation of 1835
The Texans had a meeting where there were 2 groups, one wanting peace with the Mexicans, and the other wanting war and immediate independence. -
The Texans win over San Antonio
Texans defeat General Cos, who later that morning surrendered and Texans win San Antonio. He let the Mexican soldiers go as long as they promised that they would go past the Rio Grande River. -
The Grass fight
Erasmus "Deaf" Smith reported Mexicans coming towards San Antonio. Colonel Burlson ordered James Bowie, William H. Jack, and the rest of their men to stop the Mexicans and take away their supplies. After the fight, they got the Mexican mules to their surprise find them filled with grass for feeding. -
The Texas Revolution begins!!
Texas had told the Mexicans "Come and Take It" during a war, and once the Mexicans did, The Texans fired. This led the Mexicans to retreat and the Texan Revolution began! -
The Goliad Campaign
George Collinsworth, Ben Milam, and 50 other Texans marched towards the Goliad. Here they defeated 30 Mexican soldiers in a surprise attack, which led them to the capture of Presidio La Bahía. In under 30 minutes, the Texans won the battle, and they acquired military supplies from the battle. -
Treaty of Velasco
This treaty stated that Texas was independent, and no longer under Mexican control. There are 2 parts to the treaty, one public, and one secret. -
The Battle of the Alamo
Mexican troops had bombarded the Alamo for 13 days when they finally decided to end the battle and kill the 150 ish Texans that were there in a quick 30 minutes. -
Ending of the Alamo
600 Mexicans died in the battle, while 200 Texans died trying to defend the Alamo. Santa Anna even spared the lives of some women and children. -
The Goliad Massacre
Many Texans were imprisoned in Goliad because of James Fannin's orders, where Santa Anna ordered all that disobeyed him executed. 3 separate groups marched out from the presidio and escaped. Fanning and 40 of his men were killed at the Goliad, 342 total ppl died. -
Texans attack during Battle of San Jacinto
While the Mexican army was napping the Texans surprise attacked them screaming "Remmber the Alamo" and "Remember Goliad", in 18 short minutes the Texans won the battle and captured Santa Anna.