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PARC fought for free, public education for children with exceptionalities. The Commonwealth fought to keep children with special needs out of public education schools if they could not, "attain the mental age of five by the first grade."
The cases ended up siding with PARC. Children being denied education based on their disabilities was unlawful. The basis of this case was supplemented by Brown v. Board of Education (1954). -
Rowley family was fighting for their daughter's right for an interpreter. Her parents knew that with an adequate interpreter, she would make better grades. The Board of Edu. did not believe the request was appropriate. This case needed to utilize IDEA; elaborate what it meant to have a "free and appropriate education." This case also states that the Procedural Safeguards during IEP processes are essential. This case opened up the right to education for all children with various exceptionalities. -
Doe was to be expelled from school for displaying uncontrolled behavior, based on his disability. This case ruled that schools may not expel a student but may suspend them for ten days. The school may suspend without notifying anyone, but they cannot deny a child education. If the root of behavior stems from their disability, it is discriminatory to expel a student. This case also raised the idea for the Functional Behavioral Assessment. https://prezi.com/eknc4e7dpuww/honig-v-doe-1988/ -
Rochester school doubted that Timothy W. benefitted from education. They denied him special education services. They did not believe that he was eligible for accommodations. Based on the Education for all Handicapped Children Act, Timothy deserved the most protection of his right to education. This supported that all children need an education. Education is beneficial for all children regardless of their disability.
https://prezi.com/hafhx9kib9tp/timothy-w-v-rochester-nh-school-district-1989/ -
This act passed to prohibit discrimination against people with disabilities anywhere. They are entitled to the same rights and proper treatment as anyone else, anywhere else. This law breaks down into five different sections to protect the rights of disabled people in five different areas of their lives. It covers everything from public to private areas, as well as transportation. To exclude or reject a person on the basis of their ability is unlawful.
https://adata.org/factsheet/ADA-overview -
This act protects children with disabilities (and their guardians) until they are 21 years old, or until they graduate high school. Schools must provide free and appropriate education in a least restrictive environment. Once a child is qualified for services, the school provides them and sets the students Individualized Education Program to make progress in any and all school systems.
https://www.understood.org/articles/en/individuals-with-disabilities-education-act-idea-what-you-need-to-know -
Passed during the Obama Administration, this act was passed to support children through the preparation for college. Supporting No Child Left Behind, this act focused additional assistance for the disadvantaged and high need students. It added additional attention to achievement gaps and holds the schools accountable for the success of the students. It is important that schools display equity as well as equality for preparing a student for success for college edu.
https://www.ed.gov/essa?src=rn