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In the fith and sixth centuries B.C., the greeks began to study human behavior and decided that people's lives were dominated not so much by gods as by their own minds: people were rational.
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seventeenth-century philosopher popularized the idea of dualism, the concept that mind and body are sparateand distinct.
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The French philosopher dissagread with dualism, however, proposing that a link existed between mind and body.
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Sir Francis Galton, a ninteenth-century English mathematician and scientist, wanted to understand how heredity influences a person's abilities, character, and behavior.
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William James taught the first class in psychology at Harvard University in 1875.
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The pioneering work of Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov charted another new course for psychological investigation.
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While the first psychologist were interested in understanding the consciuos mind, Sigmund Freud, a physician wgho practiced in Vienna until 1938, was more interested in the unconsious mind.
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A group of German psychologists, including Max Wetheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka, dissagread with the principes of structualism and behaviorism.
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By the ninteenth-century, biologists had annoumced the discovery of cells as the building blocks of life.
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Later chemists developed the periodic table of elements, and physicists made great progress in furthering our understanding of anotomic forces.
