-
German immigrants begin to arrive om Halifax.
[no date]
Over 2000 Germans arrived in Nova Scotia when they were recruited for settlement of British holdings. In 1753 some of these settlers established the town of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. This was when large amounts of immigrants started to enter Canada, so that it was no longer just English and French but lots of other nations as well. This is also the start of Canada’s multi-culturalism. -
Canada's first newspaper, the Halifax Gazette, appears
the paper was just printed on just half of a single foolscap sheet, the two-page tabloid featured news from Britain, Europe, New England and the other British colonies to the south, things that would be of interest to local government officials, military personnel and business leaders. This event is important because it shows when we started to actively share important and relevant information to large amounts of people. Something that is still a large part of our society. -
Lunenburg, Nova Scotia, is founded.
Settelers started to arive in june of that year. The settlers participated in a formal lottery, choosing cards to determine the plots of land upon which they would settle and build. The settlers soon discovered that the land was poorly suited to farming. European farmers, faced with rocks, stumps and stubborn soil, became rugged North Atlantic seafarers within two generations. -
Battle of Abraham
Since the beginning of the siege, his relations with his staff had deteriorated considerably. Moreover, the General fell seriously ill during the month of August. There plan was to, cut off the town's and the French Army's supply line, cut off any possibility of a westward retreat, and force Montcalm to come out of his entrenchments and face the British Army. This victory of the English is the reason we are not a predominantly French society.historical significance -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years’ War between Great Britain and France, as well as their respective allies. In the terms of the treaty, France gave up all its territories in mainland North America, effectively ending any foreign military threat to the British colonies there. And so ending anymore threat to us, as at that time we were a British Colony. -
1/4 of Montral burns
The fire started on Saint-Paul Street, it destroyed 108 houses, and rendered 215 families homeless. This is not the only fire to have destroyed a large part of Montreal, there was also the Great Fire of 1852. This fire, while not as large, showed that the people of the city needed to be better equipped in case this was to happen again. Obviously they did not learn from this, and so payed the price. -
Guy Carleton succeeds Murray as governor of Québec.
[no date]Guy Carleton was an important figure in Canada’s early years. He advised the passing of the Quebec Act in 1774 and administered it to support the Roman Catholic Church and to retain French civil law. He was one of the reasons that the Quebec Act was created and passed, without him we may not even have a province called Quebec today. Cause and Concequence -
Prince Edward Island becomes a seperate colony of Nova Scotia
It was annexed to Nova Scotia in 1763. In 1769, it was made a separate colony, with Charlottetown as its capital. Many Scottish immigrants came to the colony in the 1770’s as well as a large number of Tory refugees from the United States settled there after the Revolutionary War. -
The city of Saint-Eustache, Quebec is established
[No Date]
Saint-Eustache is an off-island suburb of Montreal, in western Quebec, Canada, west of Montreal on the north shore of the Rivière des Mille-Îles. The city was founded in 1770 and incorporated in 1835. It has a famous church. A significant battle of the Lower Canada Rebellion was fought here on December 14, 1837; the rebels were defeated and the town was burnt. The Battle was to be known as The Battle of Saint-Eustache. -
Hector Theophilus de Cramahe Becomes next governer of Quebec
During the absence of General Carleton, on 6 June 1771, he was made lieutenant governor of the Province of Quebec. His administration ending with the return of Carleton on 18 September 1774. He held this title until April 1782 through much of the American War of Independence. In 1786 he was appointed lieutenant governor of Detroit. -
Samuel Hearne explores Coppermine River to Arctic Ocean.
[No Date]
The Coppermine River is a river in the North Slave and Kitikmeot regions of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut in Canada. It is 845 kilometres long. It rises in Lac de Gras, a small lake near Great Slave Lake and flows generally north to Coronation Gulf, an arm of the Arctic Ocean. The river was named for the copper ores which could be found along the lower river. -
Quebec Act,
The Quebec Act guaranteed religious freedom for the Roman Catholic majority.The Act restored French civil law and British criminal law.This was an act of accommodation, completely different from the Royal Proclamation which was an act of assimilation. This was one of the steps taken to try and insure there loyalty, and this would not be the last.The is the cause of Quebec's nationalism, the Cansequence is that they feel they are a "distinct socity". -
Americans assault Quebec.
The rebel General Richard Montgomery led American forces on the first major offensive of the war, seizing Fort Chambly in Québec. With 1,700 militia troops, Montgomery then captured Fort Saint-Jean outside Montréal in November – prompting Carleton to abandon Montréal and flee to Québec. The Americans occupied Montréal without a fight on 28 November. This was our first major war with the Americans, even though we were not actively involved. This is just another example of Canadians being attacked -
The battle of York town
Washington had completely encircled Cornwallis and Yorktown with the combined forces of both the Continental and French troops. After three weeks of non-stop bombardment, both day and night, from cannon and artillery, Cornwallis surrendered to Washington in the field at Yorktown, basically ending the War for Independence. This was the Day that the British lost control of one of their largest Colony. This was also the day that the idea that Canada could do the same was planted. -
North West Company is formed
Founded in 1779, the North West Company was a major force in the fur trade from the. Managed primarily by Highland Scots who migrated to Montréal, or came as Loyalists escaping the American Revolution, it also drew heavily on French-Canadian labour and experience.The Northwest Company is still around today, but it has merged with the Hudson Bay Company, who were their greatest rivals.The company is now known as The Bay, but it is still the same popular store. continuity and change -
New Brunswick seperates form Nova Scotia
In 1784, Britain split the colony of Nova Scotia into three separate colonies: New Brunswick, Cape Breton Island, and present-day peninsular Nova Scotia, in addition to the adjacent colonies of St. John's Island (renamed Prince Edward Island in 1798) and Newfoundland. The Colony of New Brunswick was created on August 16, 1784; Sir Thomas Carleton was appointed as Lieutenant-Governor in 1784, and in 1785 a new assembly was established with the first elections. -
Henry Hope is Govener of Qubec
[No Date]
He was a lieutenant governor of the Province of Quebec from 1785 to 1788 during the second term of Guy Carleton (Lord Dorchester) as Governor. In those days, the "lieutenant governor" simply was the deputy of the governor; there is no connection to the modern-day Lieutenant Governor of Quebec. The town of Port Hope, Ontario derives its name from him, as do the township municipality of Hope, Quebec and the municipality of Hope Town, Quebec. -
Province of Lower Canada and Upper Canada (is formed.
The massive migration of Loyalists to British North America led to the creation of a third colony, Upper Canada—which made the Province of Québec into two colonies. This was made official by the Constitutional Act of 1791, which recognized the creation of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. At this time, relations between the English sand French were strained to the breaking point. This is why this separation was necessary. This is another display of the animosity of the English and the French. -
Mackenzie reaches the Pacific
More than a decade before Lewis and Clark, Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean, becoming the first Euro-American to complete a transcontinental crossing north of Mexico. Yet, he considered his achievement to be “at least in part a failure” because he had failed to find a passable commercial route.This is another example of explorer’s form Britain trying to find their way around the world. If it was not for theses man we may not be able to find our way around the world like we can today -
York (Toronto) founded.
Named after the Duke of York, son of King George III. He used York as a capital of Upper Canada, erecting parliament buildings and cutting roads inland. And even though by 1812 this frontier village only had 700 residents, its governing role, its harbour and its rough roads to the interior of Upper Canada gave it an initial economic advantage in the Lake Ontario area. Which played a big part in future wars (battle of 1812) and other major events. -
Jay treaty
Tensions between the United States and Britain remained high after the Revolutionary War.British exports flooded U.S. markets, while American exports were blocked by British trade restrictions and tariffs. So this treaty sought to settle issues between the two countries that had been left since American’s revolution.The treaty accomplished the goal of peace, and preserving U.S. neutrality. This traty managed to keep the peace between the two nations, for a time. historical significance -
Saint Mary's University
[no date]
Saint Mary's is the second oldest English-speaking and first Roman Catholic initiated university in Canada. The Roman Catholic church founded Saint Mary's University at Halifax, Nova Scotia in 1839.
Saint Mary's traces its earliest begSaint Mary’s is one of Canada’s top 10 undergraduate universities as ranked by Maclean’s Magazine. -
James Henry Craig became the governors representing the monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
[No Date]
Governor general of the Canadas and administrator of Lower Canada from 1807 to 1811.His period of office in Canada has been described by French-Canadian writers as "a reign of terror". Craig devoted considerable energy, time and money to improving relationships with the Aborinigal people and to repairing the province's fortifications. He also worked towards assimilation and began a project to unite both Upper and Lower Canada. -
Slave Trade Act 1807
This act abolished the Slave Trade in the British colonies. It became illegal to carry slaves in British ships.However, slavery remains legal until the Slavery Abolition Act IN 1833. This was the begining of having every race stand on equal footing, somthing that is very important in today's society. Historical Significance -
David Tompson explores Kootenay River
[no date]
The Kootenay is a major river in southeastern British Columbia, Canada and northern parts of the U.S. states of Montana and Idaho.In the 19th century,David Thompson, became the first recorded European to reach the Kootenay and established trading posts throughout the region. A gold rush on the Kootenay and later silver and galena strikes in its western basins in the late 19th century drew thousands of miners and settlers to the region. -
British Troops burn down the White House down
On this day in 1814, during the War of 1812 between the United States and England, British troops enter Washington, D.C. and burn the White House in retaliation for the American attack on the city of York in Ontario, Canada, in June 1812. -
The Treaty of Ghent officially ends the war of 1812
the Treaty of Ghent was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain. The treaty restored relations between the two nations to status quo ante bellum ( restored the borders of the two countries to the lines before the war started in June 1812.) It began two centuries of peaceful relations between the U.S. and Britain, although there were a few tense moments. This was our last major war with the US. historical significance -
Great Migration of Canada
[no date]
The Great Migration of Canada (also known as the Great Migration from Britain) was a period of high immigration to Canada from 1815 to 1850, involving over 800,000 immigrants.[1] Though Europe was becoming richer through the Industrial Revolution, population growth made the relative number of jobs low, forcing many to look to the New World for economic success, especially Canada and America. -
Canada's border is defined as the 49th Parallel from Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains
Westward expansion of both British North America and the United States saw the boundary extended west along the 49th parallel from the Northwest Angle at Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains under the Treaty of 1818. Canada's boarders are starting to look alot like they do today, as we get mor land, we gain more settelers, therefore growing the population of Canada. -
Louis-Joseph Papineau goes to Britain to try to oppose an Act of Union
[No Date]
In 1822, he was sent to London with John Neilson to present a petition of 60,000 signatures against the Union project, saying that the French Cathlic are a minority without Language rights. -
the Parlament House in York is burned
The new Parliament Building was completed in 1820, on the same site as the first buildings. This time the space between the two buildings was filled with a centre block, creating one larger building. It only lasted four years – an overheated chimney flue started a fire that destroyed the building in 1824. This was a significent event for future builders of the parliment house as they learned the best way to build it so it would last longer. -
The Peter Robinson settlement brings 2000 poor Irish families to Scott's Plains (now Peterborough, Ontario)
[no date]
In 1822, the British Government established a trial emigration scheme for Irish paupers to Upper Canada. There were two waves of emigration, one in 1823 the second in 1825. Most of the emigrants were chosen from the area north of the Blackwater River in Cork from the estates of a few landlords though a number of Kinsellas, presumably from the southeast of Ireland, also went. -
First temperance society in Canada formed in Montreal
[no date]
The first temperance societies in Canada appeared around 1827 in Pictou County, Nova Scotia and Montréal. The groups initially tolerated moderate use of beer and wine, a concession which was to continue in Quebec but soon gave way in the rest of the country to calls for total prohibition of all alcohol. -
The immigrant ship The Carrick arrives in Quebec filled with Irish immigrants. A few of these immigrants are ill with cholera, which becomes an epidemic in Lower Canada and Upper Canada.
[No Date]
At the beginning of June, the Carrick, a ship that had come over from Ireland, reached Quebec with a few feverish immigrants on board. The illness spread like wildfire all the way to Montreal and then to Upper Canada. It quickly became an epidemic that moved through the shanty neighbourhoods of the urban poor, which were breeding grounds for contagion. -
Bank of Nova Scotia is founded
The Bank of Nova Scotia is the third largest bank in Canada by deposits and market capitalization. It serves more than 21 million customers in over 55 countries around the world and offers a range of products and services including personal and commercial banking, wealth management, corporate and investment banking. -
92 resolution
[no date]The Ninety-Two Resolutions were drafted by Louis-Joseph Papineau and other members of the Parti patriote of Lower Canada in 1834. The resolutions were a long series of demands for political reforms in the British-governed colony. -
Opening of Canada's first railway line
[No Date]In June 1836, the locomotive Dorchester arrived at Molson's wharf in Montreal. It had four driving wheels, a high centre of gravity and a short wheel base. The line opened in July 1836 to a huge celebration. The success of the little railway was like a spark in dry tinder. The countryside spawned short lines in all directions. This is a significant event because Canada was finally connected by more than just long roads. -
Act of Union
Upper Canada becomes Canada West, and Lower Canada becomes Canada East: they are united into Province of Canada.The Change was that for the fist time Canada has been more devided. This caused more thoughts of having more seperate areas of Canada -
Sir Charles Bagot-Governer General of Canada
Although for many months before his death Bagot was bedridden and unable to play an active part in government, he was severely criticized by Tory leaders. However, his popularity among Reformers, especially French Canadians, remained strong. It was aided by his fluency in French, his charm as a speaker and his great gift for diplomacy in politics. -
Government moves from Kingston to Montreal
The first capital was in Kingston (1841–1844). The capital moved to Montreal (1844–1849) until rioters, spurred by a series of incendiary articles published in The Gazette, protested the Rebellion Losses Bill and burned down Montreal's parliament buildings. It then moved to Toronto (1849–1852). It moved to Quebec City from 1852 to 1856, then Toronto for one year (1858)[3] before returning to Quebec City from 1859-1866. In 1857, Queen Victoria chose Ottawa as the permanent capital. -
The Welland Canal (second) opened
[No Date]
The route of the second canal remained the same as the first with only a few modifications made where the route could be straightened. In Wellandvale a lock was built and the route straightened where the old channel was somewhat crooked. The second canal also became more than just a single channel. Locks were built on the Welland River and the Feeder Canal to create a larger inland waterway system. The effect of this helped characterized the canal as a local transportation system. -
Marco Polo, launched at Saint John, New Brunswick.
Marco Polo, to be the fastest ship in the world, was a 3-masted wooden clipper ship, launched in 1851 at Saint John, New Brunswick. It was named after Venetian explorer Marco Polo. This is significant be cuse this pushed other boat-makers to try and beat that shop, making faster and better boats. -
Reciprocity Treaty
The Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty of 1854, also known as the Elgin-Marcy Treaty, was a trade treaty between Great Britain and the United States, applying to British possessions in North America including the United Province of Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland Colony. It covered raw materials and was in effect from 1854 to 1865. It represented a move toward free trade, and was opposed by protectionist elements in the United States. -
Bytown is renamed Ottawa.
[no date]
Bytown was incorporated as a City and renamed Ottawa. The first mayor was John Bower Lewis, the population was close to 7,760. -
Ottawa becomes the new capital
The Queen chose Ottawa as the new capital of Canada. Ottawa, by 1857, had potential to be the Capital of the Province of Canada. The Bytown and Prescott railway first crossed into Bytown in April 1855 – Ottawa experienced economic progress and expanding transportation routes.The City of Ottawa, although it had grown, expanded its services slowly and looked towards the benefit of becoming the seat of government in Canada. -
Montreal's great flood of 1861
The worst Montreal flood happened on the evening of Sunday, April 14, 1861. Almost without warning, the St. Lawrence River rose so suddenly that the water poured into the lower part of the city, stranding many people who were attending evening services on the churches. St. Stephen’s Church on Dalhousie Street, and the Methodist Church on Ottawa Street were surrounded by water in a few minutes. -
Battle of Ridgeway
On June 1, 1866 Canada was invaded by Irish-American Fenian insurgents from their bases in the United States. The Fenian Brotherhood planned to take Canada hostage in an attempt to free Ireland from the British Crown and establish an independent republic. The invasion culminated on June 2, with the Battle of Ridgeway near Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada's first modern battle and the first fought exclusively by Canadian soldiers and led entirely by Canadian officers. -
Colony of B.C unites Vancouver
The Colony of British Columbia was a crown colony that resulted from the amalgamation of the two former colonies, the Colony of Vancouver Island and the mainland Colony of British Columbia. The two former colonies were united in 1866, and the united colony existed until its incorporation into the Canadian Confederation in 1871. -
John A McDonald becomes the first P.M of Canada
He helped bring the provinces of Upper and lower Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick together to form Canada.His main accomplishments as a PMinclude the building of the Trans-Canadian railroad, his deft handling of relations with the United States, rising to the challenge of the Northwest rebellion and his balancing of French and English interests in acceptable terms for most. With everything he did for Canada this day is deffinatly a significent event -
Manitoba joins Confederation.
Before becoming a province, Manitoba was the stage for many events and pivotal moments in Canada’s history. After the initial Act of Union in 1867, Manitoba was established by an Act of the Canadian Parliament on July 15, 1870, originally as an area of land much smaller than the current province. -
Treaty 1 is signed
Treaty 1 is a agreement established between Queen Victoria and various First Nation band governments in southeastern Manitoba including the Chippewa (Ojibwe) and Swampy Cree Nations.This would be the first treaty signed since the 1867 formation of the modern Canadian Government.This significent event shows that the First Nations are starting to get desperate as the Buffulo disapear. historical significance -
The world's first long-distance phone call
The world's first long distance telephone call was placed between Brantford and Paris, Ontario. For that long distance call Alexander Graham Bell set up a telephone using telegraph lines at Robert White's Boot and Shoe Store at 90 Grand River Street North in Paris via its Dominion Telegraph Co. office on Colborne Street. The normal telegraph line between Paris and Brantford was not quite 13 km length, but the connection was extended a further 93 km to Toronto. -
Jhon A MacDonald is re-elected
from 1878 to1891(poster in 1891)
Canada suffered an economic depression during Mackenzie's term, and his party was punished by the voters for it. The Liberals' policy of free trade also hurt their support with the business establishment in Toronto and Montreal.Sir John A. Macdonald and his Conservative/Liberal-Conservative party was returned to office after having been defeated five years before amidst scandals over the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Voter turn-out: 69.1% -
"O Canada" is first performed
“O Canada” is Canada’s national anthem. Originally called “Chant national,” it was written in Québec City by Sir Adolphe-Basile Routhier (words in French) and composer Calixa Lavallée (music), and first performed there on 24 June 1880. -
Regina is offically declared a town
As the influx of people required policing, the North-West Mounted Police (later called the ROYAL CANADIAN MOUNTED POLICE) were sent west and moved their headquarters to Regina. The headquarters later moved to Ottawa, but the RCMP Training Academy remains in Regina to this day. In 1883, Regina replaced the more northern site of Battleford as the capital of the North-West Territories. On December 1 of that year it became a town, and Dr. David L. Scott was elected as the town’s first mayor. -
Indian Advancement act
[no date]The Indian Advancement Act tried to give wider powers over local government and the raising of money.Yet it took away the same powers by appointing the local Indian Agent as chairman of the Council.Over the next hundred years the Indian Act was amended a number of times but each time was aimed at a more efficient means of assimilating First Nations into white society. By an Ethical point of view this was slowly distroying what was left of the First Nations way of life which is genoside -
Battle of Duck lake Louis Riel VS the Royal Mounted police
The Battle of Duck Lake was an infantry skirmish 2.5 km outside Duck Lake, Saskatchewan, between North-West Mounted Police forces of the Government of Canada, and the Métis militia of Louis Riel's newly established Provisional Government of Saskatchewan.The battle is considered the initial engagement of the North-West Rebellion. Although Louis Riel proved to be victorious at Duck Lake, the general agreement among historians is that the battle was strategically a disappointment to his cause. -
The Liberals choose Wilfred Laurier as leader
[no date]Sir Wilfrid Laurier was a Canadian political leader. Head of the Liberal party and prime minister, he spurred Canada's economy but foundered on questions of conscription and protective tariffs.In 1885 he delivered a brilliant and passionate speech attacking the government for the execution of the rebel Louis Riel, and in 1887 Laurier seemed as good a choice as any other Liberal to become party leader with his ideas of "Sunny ways"-primary source -
The first Springhill Mining Disaster occurs killing 125
125 miners were killed and dozens more were injured. Some of the victims were 10 to 13 years old. Rescue efforts throughout that afternoon and evening were made easier by the lack of fire in No. 1 and No. 2, but the scale of the disaster was unprecedented in Nova Scotian or Canadian mining history, and the subsequent relief funds saw contributions come in from across the country and the British Empire, including Queen Victoria. The ignition source of the explosion was never determined. -
Parliament passes the Criminal Code, 1892, the first unified criminal law for all of Canada
Criminal Code, a federal statute enacted by Parliament pursuant to s91(27) of the CONSTITUTION ACT 1867, which provides the federal government exclusive jurisdiction to legislate criminal offences in Canada. It was passed under the direction of the Minister of Justice, John Sparrow David Thompson. -
Additional provisional districts of the North-West Territories are established
Covered the districts of Ungava, Mackenzie, Yukon, and Franklin. The districts of Keewatin and Athabaska are enlarged so that all points of Canada are either within a province or a district. -
Gold is discovered in the Yukon
The discovery of gold in the Yukon in 1896 led to a stampede to the Klondike region between 1897 and 1899. This led to the establishment of Dawson City (1896) and subsequently, the Yukon Territory (1898).This is the cause and the consiquence is one of the largest migrations in history. -
Canada loses the Alaska boundary dispute
Canada loses the Alaska boundary dispute when British tribunal representative Lord Alverstone sides with the U.S.. Nevertheless, the Alaska settlement promoted better understanding between the US and Britain that worked to Canada's advantage in the First World War. -
Saskatchewan and Alberta join Confederation.
Alberta joined Confederation along with Saskatchewan in 1905, when the two new provinces were created out of a section of the Northwest Territories.Immigrants rush to settle in the plains, mainly as wheat farmers. -
Norwegian Roald Amundsen finds his way through the Northwest Passage to the Pacific.
[no date]
The Northwest Passage is a sea route connecting the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the Arctic Ocean, along the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.The various islands of the archipelago are separated from one another and from the Canadian mainland by a series of Arctic waterways collectively known as the Northwest Passages. -
Anne of Green Gables, by Lucy Maud Montgomery, is published.
[no date]
Anne of Green Gables is a 1908 novel by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery. Written for all ages, it has been considered a children's novel since the mid-twentieth century.Since publication, Anne of Green Gables has sold more than 50 million copies and has been translated into 20 languages. Numerous sequels were written by Montgomery, and since her death, another sequel has been published, as well as an authorized prequel. The original book is taught to students around the world. -
The Laurier government introduces the Naval Service Bill
The Naval Service Bill of 1910 was put forward by Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier. Prior to the bill's introduction Canada did not have a navy of its own, a state of affairs that left the Dominion dependent on the British Royal Navy for maritime defence. Both French-Canadian nationalists and British-Canadian imperialists opposed the bill, which eventually led to the fall of Laurier’s government. -
First major discovery of oil in western Canada at Turner Valley
Oil (and wet gas) was discovered at the Dingman No. 1 well near Turner Valley, Alberta. W.S. Heron, a miner from Ontario bought the farm, acquired the mineral rites, and formed a company called Calgary Petroleum Products Company. They started drilling and struck "wet gas" and oil. Within a day, promoters formed more than 500 companies. The oilfields produce oil and gas, and also highly trained people that would go on to work at oilfields in Alberta and around the world. -
A coal mine explosion in Hillcrest, Alberta kills 189 of 235, the worst mining disaster in Canadian history
The Hillcrest mine disaster, the worst coal mining disaster in Canadian history, occurred at Hillcrest, Alberta. At the time it was the world's third worst mine disaster. A total of 189 workers died, about half of the mine’s total workforce, which left 130 women widowed and about 400 children fatherless. -
WWI: In the Second Battle of Ypres Canadian forces bear the brunt of the first chemical weapons attack of the war.
The Germans released gas against the French 45th (Algerian) Division to the Canadians’ left. From 22 April to 25 April, the Canadians fought tenaciously to defend this exposed position. The Canadians counterattacked to stall the German advance, and then slowly gave ground, buying precious time for British troops to be rushed forward. The photo is a primary source. -
Canada joins the League of Nations at its inception.
Canada was a founding member of the League of Nations — an organization of countries established in 1919 at the end of the First World War. Canada served on the council from 1927-1930. A Canadian, Sir Herbert Ames, was financial director 1919–26, a high administrative position in the secretariat. -
Agnes Campbell Macphail is elected to the House of Commons
Agnes Campbell Macphail is the first woman in Canada to be elected to the House of Commons winning the Ontario riding of Grey South East. It was also the first election in which women had the right to vote. Macphail was a founding member of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (the forerunner of the New Democratic Party) and was an advocate for prison reform. -
Mackenzie King and the Liberals win federal election.
The election was the first in which woman could vote.King steered Canada through industrialization, much of the Great Depression, and the Second World War. By the time he left office, Canada had achieved greater independence from Britain and a stronger international voice, and had implemented policies such as unemployment insurance in response to industrialization, economic distress, and changing social realities. the picture is a primary source -
Banting won the Nobel prize for discovering the insulin
The Nobel Prize for Medicine is awarded to doctors Frederick Banting and J.J.R. Macleod. Along with Dr. Charles and others, Banting discovered the insulin as a treatment for diabetes. -
the Statute of Westminster goes into effect: Canada is granted full legislative independence in national and international affairs, with the Crown represented by the Governor General.
The Statute of Westminster was a British law clarifying the powers of Canada's Parliament and those of the other Commonwealth Dominions. It granted these former colonies full legal freedom except in those areas where they chose to remain subordinate to Britain. -
Newfoundland's independence is revoked due to its financial difficulties.
There was a crisis in Newfoundland's public finances in 1932, in part due to the percentage of young men who had been killed during the Battle of the Somme in the First World War. In November of that year, its government let it be known that Newfoundland would default on payments on the public debt. In 1934, Newfoundland became the only dominion to give up its self-governing status, ending 79 years of self-government. -
Reconstruction Party of Canada formed
The Reconstruction Party was a Canadian political party founded by Henry Herbert Stevens, a long-time Conservative Member of Parliament (MP). Stevens argued for drastic economic reform and government intervention in the economy. Stevens argued for drastic economic reform and government intervention in the economy.The party was also isolationist and opposed Canadian involvement in a European war and opposed the League of Nations sanctions against fascist Italy for its invasion of Ethiopia. -
Regina Riot-one of the most infamous moments in Canadian labour history
Due to the Great Depression (1929-1939), morere than 170,000 young men became uneployment. about 1600 trekkers plan to present their demands to the Government directly. from the local population.The trekkers stayed in Regina for about three weeks where they received significant support from the local population. At a rally held in Market Square, RCMP stormed the Square, clubbing the trekkers and firing tear gas into the crowd. -
World War II: Canada declares war on Germany, one week after Britain does so
Britain’s declaration of war did not automatically commit Canada, as had been the case in 1914. But the government and people were united in support of Britain and France. After Parliament debated the matter, Canada declared war on Germany. Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King promised that only volunteers would serve overseas.
the picture is a primary source. -
Quebec women get the vote in provincial elections
Bill 18 was passed at Quebec's National Assembly, putting an end to electoral discrimination against women. Women won the right to vote in Canadian federal elections in 1918, but Quebec women had no electoral rights in the province until 22 years later. It was the last province in Canada to pass such a bill. This is a significent event becuse from this point on woman in all provinces could vote. -
The National Resources Mobilization Act is passed
The National Resources Mobilization Act represented the government's response to the public clamour for a more effective Canadian war effort that arose in the wake of the stunning German victories in Belgium and France.The Act enabled the government to requisition the property and services of Canadians for home defence. -
Unemployment insurance is introduced
The first compulsory national unemployment insurance program was instituted in August 1940 (it came into operation in July 1941) after a constitutional amendment gave the federal government legislative power over unemployment insurance. Unemployment rates in Canada reached levels of about 20% during the Great Depression and hastened the adoption of unemployment insurance, as did the mobilization effort of WWII. -
Battle of the Scheldt
The Battle of the Scheldt was a series of military operations by the Canadian First Army - consisting of Canadian, British and Polish formations - to open up the port of Antwerp so that it could be used to supply the Allies in north-west Europe. Led by Guy Simonds, the battle took place in northern Belgium and southwestern Netherlands during World War II from October 2 to November 8, 1944. -
British Columbia Provincial Police are disestablished.
[no date]
The B.C. Provincial Police, formed in 1858, had 530 officers in 123 police detachments across the province when it was shut down. The shift was widely condemned. Several officers quit, rather than transfer to the RCMP. Municipalities fired off hostile letters to the provincial government, expressing their anger at not being consulted. The reason remains unclear. "I don't think you will ever find out. We never found out," said one of the few remaining veterans of the force. -
Canada joins a United Nations force to fight in Korean War
With a United Nations force consisting of 16 countries, 26,791 Canadian military personnel served in the Korean War, during both the combat phase and as peacekeepers afterward.The last Canadian soldiers left Korea in 1957. After the two world wars, Korea remains Canada’s third-bloodiest overseas conflict, taking the lives of 516 Canadians and wounding more than 1,200.This event shows that we will still stand up against injustice just like we always have.continuity and change -
WW2-A formal peace agreement between Canada and Germany is signed
Canada signed treaties only with Italy, Hungary, Romania and Finland. With Germany divided and the eastern part of the country dominated by the Soviet Union, there was never a German treaty. In 1951, Canada, like other Western powers, ended the state of war with Germany by royal proclamation. -
Vincent Massey appointed first Canada-born Governor-General of Canada
With Vincent Massey's appointment as Governor General, a new tradition began – he was the first Canadian appointed to the post, and from that day the Governor General has always been a Canadian citizen.Vincent Massey believed that the Crown belonged to Canadians, and as the Sovereign's representative his job was to strengthen that bond. Mr. Massey's speeches often praised Canada's cultural diversity, and he emphasized the need to learn both English and French. -
A Canadian Bill of Rights is approved.
The 1960 Canadian Bill of Rights was the country’s first federal law to protect human rights and fundamental freedom. Considered groundbreaking at the time, it was eventually superseded by the 1982 Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. -
Saskatchewan is the first province with medical insurance covering doctor's bills
Saskatchewan is the first province to have medical insurance covering doctor's bills. In 1966, Parliament passes a legislation to establish a national Medicare program. By 1972, all provinces and territories have joined the program. -
Canada gets a new flag
The National Flag of Canada, also known as the Maple Leaf and l'Unifolié (French for "the one-leafed"), is a flag consisting of a red field with a white square at its centre, in the middle of which is featured a stylized, red, 11-pointed maple leaf. It is the first ever specified by law for use as the country's national flag. We fiannally got a flag that will represent all of Canada. historical significance -
Pierre Trudeau succeeds Pearson
Pierre Trudeau succeeds Pearson as leader of the Liberals and wins a majority in a federal election in an atmosphere like a media circus. -
October Crisis
Pierre Trudeau introduces the War Measures Act.This allowed the federal government to suspend civil liberties and by-pass parliament to do things through order-in-council that it felt were necessary for the war. This took away everybodys rifhts and freedoms, and they could be arrested for even looking suspitious. This shows how much danger Trudeau felt Canada was in. -
Canada becomes an official observer at the Organization of American States
Before, Canada refused to join the Organization of American States (OAS).Even though Canada maintained observer status in the OAS beginning,and actively participated in many of the Organization's specialized agencies. Richard Gorham,"the traditional explanation for not joining was that we would have to oppose Washington on particular issues or else run the risk of becoming a U.S. puppet."While this may seem like a silly reason, it shows that we still value our freedom. -
arson attack on the Blue Bird Bar
The Blue Bird Café fire was a nightclub fire on September 1, 1972, in Montreal, Canada. In all, 37 people were killed as a result of arson. In the aftermath of the fire, regulations throughout Canada were strengthened to provide for more avenues of escape. This event showed people that backups had to be in place in case the worstwas to occur. historical significance -
Conservatives under Joe Clark win a federal election.
The Canadian federal election of 1979 was held on May 22, 1979 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the 31st Parliament of Canada. It resulted in the defeat of the Liberal Party of Canada after 11 years in power under Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. Joe Clark led the Progressive Conservative Party to power, but with only a minority of seats in the House of Commons. The Liberals, however, did beat the Progressive Conservatives in the overall popular vote by more than 400,000 votes. -
Quebec referendum
The 1980 referendum was held to ask the people of Québec for a new agreement with the rest of Canada, honouring the promise it had made in 1976 to hold a referendum before taking steps toward a sovereign Québec. this agreement would let Quebec have sovereignty, and at the same time, maintain with Canada an economic association.59.56% said no and 40.44% said yes. Wen only managed to keep Quebec a part of Canada by about 10%.This event showed that steps needed to be taken in order to pacify Quebec -
O Canada is officially adopted as Canada's national anthem.
The current version was officially adopted as Canada’s national anthem under the National Anthem Act on 27 June 1980. The Act was proclaimed by Governor General Edward Schreyer in a public ceremony on Parliament Hill on 1 July 1980. -
Canada gets a new Constitution Act
The Constitution Act, 1982 enshrined the Charter of Rights and Freedoms in the constitution, and completed the unfinished business of Canadian independence – allowing Canadians to amend their own constitution without requiring approval from Britain. No longer are we a part of Britan, fianlly we can do things for our selfs, this is a momentus occation for Canada as we can finally have control of our country. -
Canada's first female governor general.
Jeanne Sauve is named Canada's first female Governor General She was also the first woman Speaker of the House of Commons and the first female MP from Quebec to be a cabinet minister.This shows the change that Canda has gone though where it now allows females to do what was used to be considered a mans job. continuity and change -
Sikhs may wear turbans while serving
In 1990, the federal government finally removes the ban preventing Sikhs in the RCMP from wearing turbans. It was in April 1989 that the RCMP commissioner recommended the prohibition against turbans be lifted. Almost a year later, Solicitor General Pierre Cadieux gives his ruling to allow turbans. This is a major accompolishment that emphisises that while Canada is multi-cultual, it is not yet perfect. -
The Bloc Québécois Party is formed as several MPs led by Lucien Bouchard quit the Tories and Liberals
The Bloc Québécois is a federal political party that was created officially on 15 June 1991. It registered by Elections Canada on 11 September 1993. It currently runs candidates in 75 Québec ridings.The party promotes Québec's interests and Québec sovereignty in the House of Commons. This shows that Quebec wanting to sperate from Canada is not just a few people blowing smoke. This is serious, and not something that should be taken lightly. -
The Oka crisis begins
The Oka Crisis was a 78-day standoff between Mohawk protesters, police, and army.This crises occurred when a plan to expand a golf course on to land that was being claimed as long-held ancestral land by the Mohawks. Ethically it was not right for the town to simply ignore the Mohawks claim on the land, the town should have listen to there claims, and respected it. ethical dimentions -
The Persian Gulf War
(Wars and Battles)More than 4,000 Canadian Armed Forces personnel served in the tense Persian Gulf region in 1990-91, as part of the international coalition of countries that came together to force the invading forces of Iraq out of neighbouring Kuwait. In the aftermath of the conflict, Canadians continued to serve in peacekeeping and embargo-enforcement efforts in the region. This is an example of how Canada trys to help other countrys keep the peace.
