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The first slaves brought to Virginia came in 1619 on slave ships hailing from the Carribean.
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Harriet Tubman was born sometime in 1820 in Dorchester, Maryland. From her birth, she spent nearly 20 years in slavery.
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3 of Harriet's siblings ( Linah, Mariah Ritty, and Soph) are sold to different owners, severing the family. Harriet was hurt and depressed, but it made her seek to help free families that were threatened to be separated.
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Harriet's first jobs were as a nursemaid and later a worker in the fields. Sadly, she was beaten in both her jobs.
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By trying to protect a fellow slave from a beating, Tubman ran in front of the master and recieved a blow to the head. Although he had no knowledge of it, this hit would cause her to have sleeping problems and horrible migraines out of the blue.
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In 1944, Minty married free black male John Tubman. It was also around this time when she changed her name from Araminta to Harriet, believed by scholars to honor her mother.
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On a warm night in Maryland, Harriet Tubman crept out of her quarters and fled Maryland to Pennsylvania with her two brothers, Ben and Henry. Soon after her escape, a reward/ threat was issued for the return of Ben, Henry and Harriet, so the brothers decided to return home, but Harriet stayed free.
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After escaping Maryland with her two brothers, Ben and Henry, Harriet was free of worry, but not for long. Soon a notice was published by the Cambridge Democrat offering a reward of $300 for the return of Arminta (Harriet), Harry and Ben. Her brothers turned themselves back into their plantation, but Harriet had to plans to return to slavery.
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The factors of escaping slavery were put to the test, now that the Fugitive Slave Law had been passed. It stated that anyone even suspected of being a runaway slave could be arrested without a warrant. This made escaping slavery very difficult, but also gave the Undergroud Railroad more passengers than ever.
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When word of her niece being up for an auction and being threatened to be separating her family, Harriet made a mass rescue of the whole family, bringing them to Philedelphia. a free city of the North.
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In December 1851, Harriet and about 11 fugitive slaves she rescued stopped at the home of important abolitionist Fredrick Douglas, who also was a former slave, as a station in the Underground Railroad.
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In April 1858, Harriet was introduced to John Brown, a man who recommended the use of violence to destroy slavery. They shared the same goals, and Harriet barely tollerated his ideas on how to end slavery. When Brown needed help in starting a riot, Harriet was the first person he turned to.
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In 1859, Senator William Seward sold Harriet a small peice of land, which she turned into a refuge for her family and friends who had been rescued.
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The American Civil War was between the Northern states and the Southern states of America. The causes were disagreements over slavery, tax/tariffs, cultural differences, states rights, and the economy. Harriet Tubman worked as a cook and nurse for the Union army, but quickly became a scout and spy. She was the first woman to lead an armed expedition in the war, and liberated over 700 slaves.
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Harriet Tubman, with several other African American women, established the National Association of Colored Women. Their goal was "to furnish evidence of the moral, mental and material progress made by people of color through the efforts of our women".
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In 1869, after the Civil War, Harriet married a man by the name of Nelson Davis. They lived a very calm marriage for 19 years until he passed away in 1888
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Harriet Ross Tubman died on March 10th, 1913 in Boston, surrounded by loving family and friends.
