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Like Italy 39 German states formed a loose group called the German Confederation.
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Wilhelm 1st succeded Fredrick William to the throne.
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Bismark took the fisrt step in molding an empire.
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A few southern German states remained indepentent of purrsian contral.
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In 1868 the remaning states of the north joined the North German Confederation , which dominated Purssia completly.
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Bismarck was an expert at manufacturing “incidents” to gain his ends. For
example, he created the impression that the French ambassador had insulted the
Prussian king. The French reacted to Bismarck’s deception by declaring war on
Prussia
