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Genghis was born on an unknown date sometime in the year 1162. He was born in a Mongolian tribe located on the border of Mongolia and Siberia, Russia. His mother was not specified and his father, Yesukhei, was a strong warrior.
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In 1163, the French Notre Dame de Paris started construction. This is a cathedral of a massive size and with a complicated layout. It took serious damage during the French Revoulution and might have only been saved by Napoleon's efforts (Grun 156).
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Genghis Khan's father, Yesukhei dies. He was poisoned by an enemy tribe. Genghis's father was a big influence on him. Genghis became a strong warrior and leader just like his father.
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The leaning tower of Pisa started construction in 1773 in Pisa, Italy. It was built as a church bell tower. However it became important in many wars and trade deals. (Grun 159).
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In 1174, England had the first ever horse races. This brought a significant change in the entertainment business and in Britain's economy. The horse races also became inspiration for more modern races such as the car races in NASCAR.
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His first wife, Börte, became his first of many wives. He was closest with this wife, even rescuing her after she was kidnapped from another tribe alone. His father arranged their first marriage before he died when Genghis was 9, but they married officially in 1178.
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In 1199, Genghis was put up against his first strong tribe, the Naimans. The Naimans were a violent western Mongolian tribe, the strongest before Genghis, but using his leadership and judgement he was able to defeat them easily. This allowed for the unification of Mongolia.
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Liverpool, England is founded in 1199. This coastal city is important because of its growth and prosperity in the Industrial revolution. It is one of England's biggest cities and its port certainly helped.
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After the Naimans submitted to Genghis, the unification of Mongolia could begin. He called a meeting of representatives from all of Mongolia to make the unification official. He was put in charge and renamed "Chinggis Khan," meaning universal ruler.
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The Chinese nation of Xi Xia was conquered by Genghis in 1209. Located in northwest China, this nation submitted to the Mongols being afraid of their power. They payed tribute to the Mongolians so they would not be taken by force. This was the first time the Mongols were seen outside of Mongolia under Genghis' rule.
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In 1213, Genghis and his army finally break through the Great Wall of China. This allowed the Mongols to get into China and invade. This was a huge victory for Genghis. It gave the people even more reason to trust him and want to follow him. (link.galegroup.com)
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In 1214 Roger Bacon was born in Ilchester, England. He was a great scientist responsible for the discovery of the microscope and the first forms of gunpowder. He also had the first ideas for machines that could move on their own, such as aircraft and ships. (Grun 167).
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In 1219, Genghis went to war with the Khwarizm dynasty. This empire was located in modern day Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan and Iran. He planned an elaborate three prong strike on the empire. this crippled them and forced them to surrender. This was Genghis' last major war before he died.
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The Pax Mongolica was the time of peace after fighting the Khwarezm empire. During this time period a trade route between Europe and Asia was created. Genghis created a series of laws called the Yassa. These laws were created to better the well being of the people.
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Vienna became a city in 1221. It was the place where the Congress of Vienna took place after Napoleon Bonaparte's conquests across Europe. The Austrian Clements Von Metternich was a diplomat who organised this event (Grun 167).
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On August 25, 1227, the powerful ruler of Mongolia died. It is believed that he was thrown off of his horse and suffered internal injuries that never healed. He was buried traditionally, without markings in an unknown location because after he was buried, a river was redirected over the burial site (Biography in Context Database).
