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Charles Darwin wrote that by means of natural selection, or the preservation of the favored species in the struggle for life.
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Gregor Mendel demonstrated heredity using pea plants.
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Isolated DNA from cells for the first time and called it nuclein.
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Described chromosome behavior during animal cell division. He described the process of mitosis in 1882.
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Sutton observed that segregation of chromosomes during meisosis matched the segration pattern of Mendel's
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Described the inheritance of disease as a genetic trait by observing alkaptonuria following the Mendelian rules of inheritance.
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The word "gene" was coined to describe heredity as described by Mendel. The words genotype and phenotype were used to differenitate gene traits and physical characteristics.
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Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty show that DNA can transform the properties of cells.
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The double helix structure of DNA is described.
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Discovered that human cells have exactly 46 chromosomes.
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Discovered that with the four letter combinations, 20 kinds of amino acids make the proteins.
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Gene segments of DNA from African clawed frog Xenopus fused with E.Coli cell.
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Frederick Sanger and colleagues and Alan Maxam and Walter Gilbert developed a way to quickly sequence DNA using color dyes to identify each of the four nucleic acids.
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The method of amplifying small strands of DNA, the polymerase chain reaction is invented. Researchers make billions of copies of small segments of DNA.
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The Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health announced the 15 year project to sequence the human genome.
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The finished human genome sequence with 99.9% accuracy.
