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sharecropping/tenant farming
southern plantation owners were challenged to find help working the lands that slaves had farmed. Taking advantage of the former slaves' desire to own their own farms, plantation owners used arrangements -
Black Codes
were laws passed by Democrat-controlled Southern states in 1865 and 1866, after the Civil War. These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt. -
13 Amendment
It abolished slavery in the United States. It was passed in December 6,1865, at the end of the Civil War. -
14th Amendment
was ratified on July 9, 1868, and granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed. -
15th Amendment
African American men the right to vote. -
Lynching
southern plantation owners were challenged to find help working the lands that slaves had farmed. Taking advantage of the former slaves' desire to own their own farms, plantation owners used arrangements -
Plessy v. Ferguson
A landmark it upheld racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of separate but equal -
George Wallace
governor of Alabama and four-time candidate for president of the United States who became known as the embodiment of resistance to the civil rights movement of the 1960s -
19th Amendment
it gave women the right to vote in 1920. You may remember that the 15th amendment made it illegal for the federal or state government to deny any US citizen the right to vote. -
Cesar Chavez
is best known for his efforts to gain better working conditions for the thousands of workers who labored on farms for low wages and under severe conditions. Chavez and his United Farm Workers union battled California grape growers by holding nonviolent protests. -
Civil disobedience
the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest. -
20th Amendment
that sets the dates at which federal (United States) government elected offices end. In also defines who succeeds the president if the president dies. -
Nonviolent Protest
King's non-violent movement was inspired by the teachings of Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi. A major factor in the success of the movement was the strategy of protesting for equal rights without using violence. -
Jim Crow Laws
When southern legislatures passed laws of racial segregation directed against blacks at the end of the 19th century, these statutes -
Brown V. Ferguson
State law establishing separate black and white schools that is unconstitutional -
Rosa Parks
She helped initate the civil movement and was convicted of violating segregation laws and became a nationally recognized symbol of dignity and strength in the struggle to end segregation. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
It was an event of the Civil Rights movement it was a protest against the racial segregation on public transportation which now gives us the right to sit everywhere we use without discrimation on public transportation -
Orville Faubus
He served as the 36th governor of Arkansas known for the stand of desegregation of Little Rock Central High school -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
primarily a voting rights bill, was the first federal civil rights legislation passed by the United States Congress since the Civil Rights Act of 1875. Wikipedia -
Martin Luther king Jr
was a civil right leader and activist he led a massive protest in Birmingham he also gave many important speeches. -
Affirmative Action
intended to provide equal opportunities for members of minority groups and women in education and employment -
Sit ins
These groups became the grassroots organizers of future sit-ins at lunch counters segregated swimming pools, and pray-ins at white-only churches. By sitting in protest at an all-white lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, four college students sparked national interest in the push for civil rights. -
Betty Friedan
American writer, activist, and feminist. A leading figure in the women's movement in the United States, her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique -
24th amendment
the right to vote without paying ant kind of money -
Civil Rights Act of 1965
is a landmark civil rights and US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. -
Upward Bound
erves: high school students from low-income families; and high school students from families in which neither parent holds a bachelor's degree. -
Veteran Rights Act of 1965
aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote under the 15th Amendment (1870) to the Constitution of the United States. -
Lester Maddox
American politician who served as the 75th Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia from 1967 to 1971 He came to prominence as a staunch segregationist when he refused to serve black customers in his Atlanta restaurant in defiance of the Civil Rights Act. -
Thurgood Marshall
Was the first African American justice and he also destroyed the legal underpinnings of Jim Crow segregation. -
Federal Housing Authority
prohibited discrimination concerning the sale, rental and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin and sex. -
26th Amendment
The right of citizens of the United States who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age. -
Title 9
No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance. -
Hector Garcia
as an advocate for Hispanic-American rights during the Chicano movement. He was the first Mexican-American member of the U.S. Civil Rights Commission and was awarded the Medal of Freedom.
