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The Collossus is created at Bletchley Park and is the first binary and partially programmable computer.
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LEO, Lyons Electric Office, becomes the first computer to run a regular routine office job.
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The UNIVAC 1 is delivered to the U.S. Census Bureau and becomes the first commercial computer to attract widespread public attention. Remington Rand sells 46 of them at more than $1 million each
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Jay Forrester and Robertt Everett finish the Whirlwind and show it on Edward R. Murrow's "See it Now" series. The Whirlwind has memory for 2048 16-digit words and took up 3,100 sq. feet of floor space.
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IBM ships it's first electronic computer, the 701. 19 machines are sold over three years to research laboratories, aircraft companies, and the federal government.
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The IBM 350 RAMAC was the first computer to use a disk drive.
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DEC's PDP-1 becomes the precursor to the minicomputer. It is sold for $120,000. It needs no air conditioning and only one operator. Hackers at MIT writes the first computer game, SpaceWar!, for it.
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IBM introduces the 1400 series, with the 1401 mainframe replacing the vacuum tube with transistors, which are smaller and more reliable.
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IBM announces the System/360, which is a system of 6 mutually compatible computers and 40 peripherals that could work together. Orders for the system quickly climb to 1,000 per month within 2 years.
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Digital Equipment Corp. introduces the PDP-8 which becomes the first commercially successful minicomputer. Each one sells for $18,000.
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Hewlett-Packard releases the HP-2115, which offers computational power formerly found only in much larger computers. It supports mulitple languages, including BASIC, ALGOL, and FORTRAN.
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The Altair 8800 was the first personal computer to use a single-chip processors.
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The visual display module (VDM) prototype is designed by Lee Falsenstein, and marks the first implementation of a memory-mapped alphanumeric video display for personal computers.
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The Cray 1 becomes the first commercially successful vector processor and is the fastest machine of its day at 166 million floating-point operations per second.
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The TRS-80 is Tandy Radio Shack's first desk-top computer. It is priced at $599.95 and includes a Z80 based microprocessor, a video display, 4 kilobytes of memory, BASIC, cassette storage, and easy-to-understand manuals that allows users who haven't used a computer before to use it.
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Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak show the first Apple II (2) at the First West Computer Faire in San Fransisco. The Apple 11 had built-in BASIC programming languages, color graphics, and 4100 character memory.
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The VAX 11/780 from Digital Equipment Corp. features the ability to address up to 4.3 gigabytes of virtual memory, which is hundreds of times the capacity of most minicomputers.
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Atari designs the Model 400 and the Model 800. Both are microcomputers with the Model 400 being able to play games. Both models sell well despite competition from the Apple 2, Commodore PET, and TRS computers.
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The Motorola 68000, an 8-bit processor, is released and becomes the precursor to the Apple Macintosh.
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The Osbourne 1, with a 5' monitor, was the first available portable computer. It was heavy and large compared to today's laptops.
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IBM introduces the PC, which ignites a fast growth of the computer market. The first PC runs on a 4.77 MHz Intel 8088 microprocessor and uses Microsoft´s MS-DOS operating system.
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The first computer officially marketed as a "laptop" was the Gavilan SC.
http://sixrevisions.com/resources/the-history-of-computers-in-a-nutshell/
