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King John II of portugal assinged Magellan the job of sailing around the southern tip of Africa in find of a new trade route from India. He was also in charge of finding Prester John, a fabled christian ruler and priest.
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He had convinced the King and Queen of Spain to finance his voyage, Columbus had left from Spain of August 3, 1942. He then made a stop at the canary islands to be restocked and then left from there on September 6.
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The line of Demarcation between Spainsh and Portugese territory was first defined by pope alexander. Then it was later revised by the treaty of Tordseillas.
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On his second voyage he set of with a fleet of 17 ships and about 1,500 crew members, soldiers, and colonists. When they reached La Navidad columbus had found out the fort had been destroyed and men were killed by the indians. They believed that it were the colonist they had mistreared.
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The discovery of Brazil was an episode in the creation of Portuguese commercial empire which is less than a hundred years extended to four continents.
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His spanish expedition consisted of 11 ships setting sail hoping to extend their empire.
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Henry Hudson and his crewed sailed up the Half moon which was the name of the boat, into the Atlantic coast by chance. Strong storms and winds forced them to abandon the northeast voyage that had been assigned to Henry Hudon and his crew.
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The treaty was signed at Tordesillas which seperated the newly discover lands outside of Europe and also between Spain and Portugal. The were seperated along the 370 Castillian Leagues Meridian.
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In 200 B.C. the first astrolabe was made by the greek Hipparchus
