events in europe By cpasc 1438 Hapsburgs begin rule of Holy Roman Empire 1440 Gutenberg’s printing press (Germany) 1455 The Wars of the Roses begins (England) 1479 Aragon and Castile kingdoms united (Spain) 1480 Spanish Inquisition established 1485 The Wars of the Roses ends (England) 1485 Tudor rule begins (England) 1488 Dias sets sail to Cape of Good Hope for Portugal 1492 Moorish dominion in Spain ends Columbus claims New World for Spain 1497 da Gama from Portugal begins sail to India 1498 da Gama from Portugal arrives at India 1499 Swiss independence from Holy Roman Empire 1500 Cabral discovers Brazil for Portugal 1513 Balboa claims regions of the Pacific for Spain 1515 Switzerland adopts policy of neutrality 1516 Charles I begins rule (Spain) 1517 Protestant Reformation begins (Germany) 1519 Magellan begins expedition to circumnavigate the globe for Spain 1521 Cortés captures the city of Mexico 1524 Peasants’ Revolt begins (Germany) 1525 Peasants’ Revolt ends (Germany) 1603 Tudor rule ends (England)