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Dred Scott was born a slave in Missouri and was owned by John Emerson. he then was living in a free state and was fighting for his freedom against the Emerson family. There were many cases between Scott and Emerson and it then ended with Scott becoming enslaved in 1852. He was then transferred to John Sandford, which was Irene Emerson's brother. He then went to court against John Sandford but he unfortunately lost and the Supreme Court ruled that slaves were considered property, not people. -
An amendment in which ruled for slavery to be abolished. This amendment came after the civil war. It passed the house of representatives with a vote of 119-26. Abraham Lincon then submitted it to state legislators but died before they finalized the amendment.
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The amendment said that everyone who is born in the United States is a U.S citizen and this included former slaves. Because of this amendment, slaves like Dred Scott were not considered property anymore and formal slaves now have the same rights as white people. -
"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." At the time, it meant that Black people could vote and it didn't matter if they were slaves or not. But, only men could vote and women could not. -
Homer Plessy was someone who was 1/8th black and went on a train that was for white people only. he was denied to ride the train and he was arrested for not leaving. he took it to court and the court decided that Louisiana could do this because it was the law. -
This amendment gave women the right to vote. Before this amendment, women were not allowed to do things like men. Women were only allowed to do housework and raise children. Women started to protest for change and President Woodrow Wilson at the time, support women's suffrage. Without this amendment, women wouldn't have the basic rights that men have. -
There was a black girl named Linda Brown who was denied access to school because it was an all-white school. her dad took it to court and argued that denying children based on race was unconstitutional. The court decided that it was unconstitutional and got rid of the Plessy v. Ferguson case decision which was "separate but equal" -
This is a law that says that employers cannot deny a job based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, and gender identity. This was important in 1964 because employers could not deny someone a job because they are Black. -
Even though there was a 15th amendment that said that anyone can vote regardless of their skin, it was still hard for African Americas to vote. They had to take literacy tests, poll taxes, and would be scared to vote because of the harassment they would get at the polls. So, President Lyndon Johnson made it illegal for discrimination tactics when it came to voting. -
A woman named Sally Reed took care of her son while she left her abusive husband. Her son, Skip died while under Cecil Reed's care. He claimed that Skip killed himself but Sally said that he took out his son's life insurance policy. Sally took it to court but under Idaho law, men were preferred over females when it comes to estate. This has gone to the Supreme court and the Supreme court ruled that this was unconstitutional. -
States that any genders can participate in anything that is through an education program or when it comes to receiving Federal assistance. Because of title nine, women can earn a degree like a man can and they can also play the same sports that men can play. It also protects male and female to have protections when it comes to sexual assault. -
There was a white male named Allan Bakke who applied to the University of California twice and was denied because there were spots reserved for people of color. He argued that this wasn't allowed because it is discrimination based on race. This case went to the Supreme Court and they ruled that this was constitutional. -
This act says that people cannot not discriminate based on their disabilities. This means that places like school, job, and transportation cannot deny someone based on their disability. Because of this law, people who have disabilities can have the same opportunities as abled people. -
There were 4 cases about same-sex marriages from Ohio, Tennesse, Michigan, and Kentucky that were picked up, and was argued that denying marriage based on their sexuality was unconstitutional because of the 14th amendment. There was a law from the Defense of Marriage Act that said that marriage should be between a man and woman. This was taken to the supreme court and the supreme court ruled that it was unconstitunial and now people of the same sex can marry.
