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The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in Tordesillas, Spain, on 7 June 1494, and authenticated in Setúbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Spanish Empire (Crown of Castilla).
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DOKyzxCNgX6Y&ved=2ahUKEwjw95u2373-AhU1UaQEHYU5A68Qo7QBegQIARAB&usg=AOvVaw1Wcz0mktL6U4jJhBZgsoi0 -
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DPBn7iWzrKoI&ved=2ahUKEwirmMed3r3-AhUuUqQEHSSPDacQo7QBegQIBxAB&usg=AOvVaw1Gok-PSKkAtbJXJyaPC8Cq
The French revolution was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. -
The War of the Spanish Succession was a European great power conflict that took place from 1701 to 1715. The death of childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700 led to a struggle for control of the Spanish Empire between his heirs https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DYdII98Ct9Gg&ved=2ahUKEwjg_bD93b3-AhW_VKQEHSfcDCsQo7QBegQIBBAB&usg=AOvVaw0z-lvKYhR1z-RHDgG77sKz
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known as the Bewitched , was the last Habsburg ruler of the Spanish Empire. Best remembered for his physical disabilities and the War of the Spanish Succession that followed his death, Charles's reign has traditionally been viewed as one of managed decline.
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Philip IV was born in the Royal Palace of Valladolid, and was the eldest son of Philip III and his wife, Margaret of Austria. In 1615, at the age of 10, Philip was married to 13-year-old Elisabeth of France.
https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/people/philip-iv-king-of-spain -
Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez was a Spanish painter, the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV of Spain and Portugal, and of the Spanish Golden Age.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DqxJmWjFvkE4&ved=2ahUKEwiSwp_7ucD-AhVgU6QEHeXOCvsQo7QBegQIBBAB&usg=AOvVaw1_SsNqBt4_jlinQFzxJlLR -
A member of the House of Habsburg, Philip III was born in Madrid to King Philip II of Spain and his fourth wife and niece Anna, the daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II and Maria of Spain. Philip III later married his cousin Margaret of Austria, sister of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor.
Although also known in Spain as Philip the Pious, Philip's political reputation abroad has been largely negative.
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By birth, she was an Infanta of Castile and Aragon . From a young age, she showed signs of religious indifference that her mother tried to keep secret. In 1496, she married her third cousin Philip the Fair , Archduke of Austria , Duke of Burgundy , Brabant and Count of Flanders . She had six children with him.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DddlYsTO8bcM&ved=2ahUKEwjy2Zvuy73-AhU9VqQEHdWMBQUQo7QBegQIBBAB&usg=AOvVaw3xUzlAOdhWT6ztYX9cVB0- -
was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Council_of_Trent/&ved=2ahUKEwip4oKXucD-AhX2UKQEHaAMBCQQFnoECEkQAQ&usg=AOvVaw21uTx_0pIi4wuSi--xcw7U -
In 1534 Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy which defined the right of Henry VIII to be supreme head on earth of the Church of England, thereby severing ecclesiastical links with Rome.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3D3yFA_w8-Os4&ved=2ahUKEwjDudarpsD-AhXxXaQEHZTiC_kQo7QBegQIBBAB&usg=AOvVaw2AWAKTPIBri3bfKwbPi9R2 -
In 1534 Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy which defined the right of Henry VIII to be supreme head on earth of the Church of England, thereby severing ecclesiastical links with Rome. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3D3yFA_w8-Os4&ved=2ahUKEwiR7PmF4b3-AhVlXqQEHc_vAdQQo7QBegQIBxAB&usg=AOvVaw2AWAKTPIBri3bfKwbPi9R2
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The son of Emperor Charles V and Isabella of Portugal, Philip inherited his father's Spanish Empire in 1556 and succeeded to the Portuguese throne in 1580 following a dynastic crisis. The Spanish conquests of the Inca Empire and of the Philippines, named in his honor by Ruy López de Villalobos, were completed during his reign. Under Philip II, Spain reached the height of its influence and power, sometimes called the Spanish Golden Age
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was a list of propositions for an academic disputation written in 1517 by Martin Luther
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3Dt_YAmrECQ3M&ved=2ahUKEwjIlra0pcD-AhXlUqQEHVBTAK0Qo7QBegQIBBAB&usg=AOvVaw2GpOvZehtaBSWjZaxMhQs- -
In 1516, inheriting the dynastic union formed by his maternal grandparents Isabella I and Ferdinand II, he became king of Spain as co-monarch of the Spanish kingdoms with his mother, who was deemed incapable of ruling due to mental illness. Spain's possessions at his accession also included the Castilian colonies of the West Indies and the Spanish Main as well as the Aragonese kingdoms of Naples.
https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/c/Charles_V%252C_Holy_Roman_Emperor.htm -
He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism, including its doctrines of predestination and of God's absolute sovereignty in the salvation of the human soul from death and eternal damnation.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DsHMgjRRAD3g&ved=2ahUKEwjxkMXJpsD-AhWOVqQEHXY3DJ4Qo7QBegQICBAB&usg=AOvVaw0fEEeV-J32WFEGHS24Eamq -
Discovery of America is the name given to the historical event that occurred on October 12 , 1492 , consisting of the arrival in America of an expedition from Castilla , in the Iberian Peninsula , led by Cristóbal Colón by mandate of the Reyes Católicos https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DMHlfzBNnhqI&ved=2ahUKEwj7hZPdxr3-AhWNU6QEHfQ5DXEQo7QBegQICBAB&usg=AOvVaw3MVQRsH_EC6R1JQiMJ3OyL
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Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni, known as Michelangelo, was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance. Born in the Republic of Florence, his work was inspired by models from classical antiquity and had a lasting influence on Western art
https://books.google.es/books?id=iCMUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA305&lpg=PA305&dq=Michael+Angelo&source=bl&ots=K9SDW58lwW&sig=ACfU3U0Z8_M3FYBP8sKoseJHOJfhBZtKqQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi63P6tuMD-AhW5VKQEHYhABAcQ6AF6BAh2EAI -
The Catholic Monarchs were Queen Isabel I of Castilla and King Fernando II of Aragon, whose marriage and joint rule marked the de facto unification of Spain. They were both from the House of Trastámara and were second cousins. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://historyofspain.es/en/video/the-catholic-kings-in-the-history-of-spain/&ved=2ahUKEwjkv9Liyr3-AhWnUqQEHXHSCysQo7QBegQIAxAB&usg=AOvVaw0sl2Ri3CGyPCYAzub-VtC5
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While the invasion of the Ottoman Empire was the immediate cause of the fall of the Byzantine Empire and Constantinople https://www.wondriumdaily.com/the-fall-of-constantinople-a-turning-point-in-modern-history/
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Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci was an Italian polymath of the High Renaissance who was active as a painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, and architect. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DXjcJG0YQSds&ved=2ahUKEwiCmZ_nt8D-AhXSXqQEHf_MCqMQo7QBegQICBAB&usg=AOvVaw288t2LtGXC937HlogRAMCK
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German goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg is credited with inventing the printing press around 1436, although he was far from the first to automate the book-printing process.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.facebook.com/SterlingPrintHouse/videos/gutenbergs-printing-press/1645710112224977/&ved=2ahUKEwjI4-jv373-AhXvUaQEHQruDQMQo7QBegQIBhAB&usg=AOvVaw3SNmXFtY3JC-eRQsfrUjDe