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The Paleolithic age or "The Stone Age," began approximately 25,000,000 years ago and lasted until 10,000 BC. During this time people used animal teeth to make music that rattled when they danced. source:https://studyfinds.org/stone-age-raves-teeth-music/
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The Neolithic or "New Stone Age" began in 10,000 BC and ended 2,500 BC. Neolithic dance was discovered when depictions of their dances were drawn on pottery, and rocks. The discovery showed the ritualistic nature of the dance source: https://exarc.net/ark:/88735/10332
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Egyptians used their dance as a part of their worship and religion. They danced to celebrate their gods and goddesses. source: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1075/music--dance-in-ancient-egypt/
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Both cultures utilized ritualistic dances and dancing for entertainment. These dances were used annually to tell stories and celebrate different occasions. The Bellicrepa was a popular dance in Ancient Rome source:https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/secondary/SMIGRA*/Saltatio.html
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After the fall of Rome, Europe rebuilds. Can be referred to as “Late Antiquity.” The bridge between ancient civilization and medieval times
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Feudalism is established, and the hierarchical system is cemented into society. Also known as the enlightenment age as the renaissance is to follow.
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Economic and social downturn in this period. While great advances in art and technology are happening, there were also events like the plague and Hundred Years’ War.
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The dance revolves around death, and how everybody dies. It was used in the Middle Ages to illustrate different lifestyles still end up in the same place when they die.
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Is a court dance performed by dignified couples, brought from southern Europe to England in the 16th century.
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Starting in Italy, then spreading through France and the rest of Europe ballet began in renaissance courts. It continued to develop with help from aristocrats and the wealthy class.
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The first ever court ballet, 'Ballet des Polonais' was first presented after being arranged by Catherine de' Medici.
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Catherine De’Medici created this for a wedding celebration. It was a large, elaborate court dance performed over 5 1/2 hours. It tells the story of Circe from homers odessey. It was known as the first form of ballet
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This was a period of elaborate and ornate art and design. This era began in Italy and quickly spread throughout Europe.
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African dance origins that have been the inspiration for future dance styles like hip hop
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A ballet that was performed on behalf of the birth of King Louis XIV. His life was greatly influenced by dance, and he opened the first school of ballet during his reign
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It was a 14 hour performance, and debut of King Louis XIV as Apollo the sun king
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The first school of ballet is opened in France by King Louis XIV
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It’s been known to be called,” effectively the first Paris opera.” While the score has only been partially recorded, it drew in many crowd and was performed 146 times in its 8 month debut
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It developed out of the circumstances of slavery, the socioeconomic marginalization of African Americans, and the presence of European influences.
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The first female choreographer in ballet, Marie Salle was a French dancer. She revolutionized dance costumes, through removing masks and shortening skirts.
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The antecedents of the musical can be traced to a number of 19th-century forms of entertainment including the music hall, comic opera, burlesque, vaudeville, variety shows, pantomime, and the minstrel show. These early entertainments blended the traditions of French ballet, acrobatics, and dramatic interludes
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New York's first theatre presence. Broadway's origins trace back to the mid-1700s when a theater company was established on Nassau Street. This company primarily staged operas and Shakespearean plays, drawing audiences as large as 280 patrons. These early endeavors laid the foundation for what would become the iconic Broadway theater scene.
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A period of time where art and literature where emotion was put at the center of understanding the world. A reformation era of ballet, which led to the development of pointe dancing, and a dramatic shift in costuming, and new styles of dance
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Minstrel shows originated as short burlesques and comedic interludes in the early 1830s in the Northeastern states, eventually evolving into a fully developed art form in the following decade. By 1848, blackface minstrel shows had become a prominent national art form, bridging the gap between formal arts like opera and entertainment accessible to a broader audience.
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The very first grand opera performed at the Paris opera house. It was 5 acts long and composed by Giacomo Mayerbeer
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This 2 act baller was originally choreographed by Flippo Taglioni to showcase his daughter Marie Taglioni’s pointe work. It was later rearranged by August Bouronville. Its one of the worlds oldest surviving ballets
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The focus on the ballerina originated. Where pointe dancing gained popularity, as to make the ballerina appear to float across the stage. Gas lighting began to be used to set the mood for the show. Works such as La Sylphide and Giselle were styled in this manner.
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Performed for the first time at the Paris Opera, Carlotta Grisi performed the main role. The ballet pantomime technique is mainly used to tell the story of a Slavic legend. A betrayed bride dies from a broken heart and returns as a spirit to save him from the retribution of the wili, which are the spirits of brides who died before their wedding day. Her heroic act prevents her from joining the spirits.
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A ballet arranged by dancer and choreographer Jules Perrot. At the height of the romantic era he brought together the greatest ballerinas, Marie Taglioni, Carlotta Grisi, Fanny Cerito, and Lucille Graham to perform the Pas de Quatre. It was the essence of the romantic era Ballantine filled with poise, demure and elegance. Each ballerina was able to showcase the skills they excelled in.
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The dance that eventually became known as the Big Apple is speculated to have been created in the early 1930s by African-American youth dancing at the Big Apple Club, which was at the former House of Peace Synagogue on Park Street in Columbia, South Carolina.
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Modern Dance Pioneer who experimented with different lighting techniques and choreographed the Serpentine dance.
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The maxi, is occasionally referred to as the Brazilian tango, is a dance accompanied by music, often considered a subgenre of choro. This vibrant dance form originated in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro in 1868.
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Originally arranged by Marius Petipa and performed at Bolshoi Ballet. It was 5 acts long and had 11 ballet numbers.
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It eventually became the most performed ballet at the opera. It revolves around a doctor who created lifelike dolls, one of these dolls is Coppelia. Franz is Swanhildas lover and is so obsessed with Coppelia, he breaks into the doctors house. When Swanhilda, a local village girl sees her lover’s, admiration of the doll, she dresses as her and saves her lover from the hands of the doctor.
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Pioneer in modern and contemporary dance, audiences were stunned by her bare limbs as it was considered immodest the. Her death was a result of her neck being broken when her scarf got caught in a tire.
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Another Tchaicovsky work. The originally 2 act long ballet is about a princess named Odette who is turned into a swan by a curse. It was originally performed at the Bolshoi ballet March 4, 1977
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American dancer and choreographer who brought Eastern ideas into modern dancing. Co-founder of the Denishawn school of Dancing and relating arts, with her husband Ted Shawn.
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The father of expressionist dance. Known for his unique notation of dance, that is still used today
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The tango underwent its evolution around 1880 in dance halls and, possibly, in the lower-class districts of Buenos Aires, including establishments such as brothels. This captivating dance form emerged as a fusion of the Spanish tango, characterized by its light and spirited flamenco style, with the milonga, an Argentine dance known for its fast, sensual, and somewhat disreputable nature.
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Vaudeville is a theatrical genre of variety entertainment that originated in France at the close of the 19th century. Initially, vaudeville consisted of comedies devoid of psychological or moral themes, revolving around humorous situations. These performances typically featured a blend of dramatic compositions, light poetry, and included interludes of songs or ballet.
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Tchaikovsky was hired to write the music for the ballet based on the story of Undine. Marius Peptipa was the choreographer. It is nearly four hours in length, and is still one of the most well known ballets.
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A pioneer in modern dancing who opened the Denishawn school. He left seminary and was introduced to dance as a form of physical therapy after her battled a terrible illness.
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Vogue is a highly influential American fashion and lifestyle magazine with a rich history. Established in 1892 by Arthur Baldwin Turnure, it started as a weekly high-society journal catering to New York City's social elite. The magazine initially focused on the local social scene, traditions of high society, and social etiquette. Additionally, Vogue provided reviews of books, plays, and music, evolving over the years into a global authority on fashion and style.
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After the success of Sleeping beauty, Tchaikovsky wrote the nutcracker. It is a 2 act ballet, based on the childs imagination as Christmas Eve becomes Christmas
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The history and development of projected visual entertainment can be traced back to 1894 when sheet music publishers Edward B. Marks and Joe Stern collaborated with electrician George Thomas. They aimed to boost the sales of their song "The Little Lost Child." To achieve this, Thomas utilized a magic lantern to project a sequence of still images onto a screen concurrently with live performances.
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An American dancer teacher, and choreographer who used ballet and modern dance to "reveal the inner man." she created 180 works within 50 years.
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The Serpentine is an evolution of the skirt dance, it was popular throughout the United States and Europe in the 1890s, becoming a staple of stage shows and early films.
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Fred Astaire was an American dancer, actor, singer, choreographer and presenter. He is widely regarded as the "greatest popular-music dancer of all time".
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It suggested that no black performer could be a soloist.
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ocial dance, characterized by its emphasis on sociability and socializing, encompasses various styles such as ballroom dance, folk dance, square dance, line dance, and club dancing. Unlike competitive or performance dances, social dances are designed purely for enjoyment.
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American dancer and choreographer who further developed the narrative aspect of dance and made innovative use of American themes, folk dances, and physical idioms in her choreography of musical plays and ballets.
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“Anchors Aweigh" is the fight song of the United States Naval Academy and unofficial march song of the United States Navy. It was composed in 1906 by Charles A. Zimmermann with lyrics by Alfred Hart Miles.
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The composer and entertainer Perry Bradford claimed to have seen the dance steps performed around 1909 and they are similar to the shimmy which has black African origins
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She is best known for incorporating African American, Caribbean, African, and South American movement styles and themes into her ballets.
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He was named the father of multi-media theater because he would compose the music, choreograph the dance, and design the set and light.
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Jack Cole is recognized as the pioneer of theatrical jazz dance, earning him the title of the father of this genre. Active from the 1920s to the 1950s, he formulated a distinctive training method for theatrical jazz dancers, which he termed "jazz-ethnic-ballet." His contributions had a lasting impact on the evolution of jazz dance in the realm of theater and performance.
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Ginger Rogers was an American actress, dancer and singer during the Golden Age of Hollywood.
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Eugene Curran Kelly was an American dancer, actor, singer, director and choreographer.
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One of the first schools to teach modern dance, it contrasted ballet and brought in Eastern movements into American dance theater.
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American Dancer and choreographer who was well known for over 50 years. He is considered the most influential choreographer of the 20th century.
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Best known for his blend of musical theater and ballet styles, Robbins emphasized character work, relationships, and emotion in his dances. Above all, he wanted his choreography to be authentic and relevant.
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An American dancer and choreographer who opened her own dance studio in 1946, and is most well known for her primitive style of dance.
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A system for writing dance down before photo, video recording could be used. Physically showed where and how the dancer would move
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Charleston, social jazz dance highly popular in the 1920s and frequently revived. Characterized by its toes-in, heels-out twisting steps, it was performed as a solo, with a partner, or in a group.
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Gus Giordano's dedication to jazz dance exhibited itself in all facets of his extraordinary life: dancer, master teacher, choreographer, author, and founder of the Giordano Dance School (GDS) in Evanston, Illinois, founder of the dance company Giordano Dance Chicago and founder of Jazz Dance World Congress.
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Eugene Louis Faccuito, professionally known as Luigi, was a notable American jazz dancer, choreographer, teacher, and innovator credited with the creation of the jazz exercise technique. His legacy includes the development of the Luigi Warm Up Technique, a training program focused on enhancing body alignment, balance, core strength, and an emphasis on "feeling from the inside."
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Robert Louis Fosse was a multi-talented American figure known for his roles as an actor, choreographer, dancer, and film and stage director. His significant contributions include directing and choreographing various musical productions for both stage and screen. Notable among them are iconic works like The Pajama Game, Damn Yankees, How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying, Sweet Charity, Pippin, and Chicago.
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Stephen Joshua Sondheim was an American composer and lyricist. Regarded as one of the most important figures in 20th-century musical theater,
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Modern dancer and choreographer who is known for his funny, and mocking numbers.
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She has made a significant impact in many areas, like dance, cinema, feminism, minimalism, and conceptual art, laying the foundation for these movements.
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Born in 1939, Steve Paxton, an American dancer, and choreographer, originated contact improvisation.. Co-founded Judson Dance Theatre and Grand Union.
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Rodgers and Hammerstein was a theater-writing team of composer Richard Rodgers and lyricist-dramatist Oscar Hammerstein II, who together created a series of innovative and influential American musicals. Their musical theater writing partnership has been called the greatest of the 20th century.
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she made over 40 productions, many of which have travelled throughout the world.
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Since graduating in 1963, she's choreographed 125+ dances, contributed to five Hollywood movies, directed and choreographed two Broadway shows, written two books, and received many awards.
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The Golden Age of musical theatre was a period of huge productivity that established the book musical as the norm on Broadway. This guide explores the beginnings of the Golden Age and identifies the early seeds for the movement in the late 1920s.
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Oklahoma! is the first musical written by the duo of Rodgers and Hammerstein. The musical is based on Lynn Riggs' 1931 play, Green Grow the Lilacs.
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Choreographed by Jerome Robbins. The storyline goes: Three sailors explode onto the stage. They are on 24-hour shore leave in the city and on the prowl for girls. The tale of how they meet first one, then a second girl, and how they fight over them, lose them, and in the end take off after still a third, is the story of the ballet.
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It was arranged by Aaron Copeland after being commissioned by Elizabeth Sprauge Coolidge. It won a Pulitzer Prize for its music in 1945.
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A ballet in which Martha Graham choreographed, debuting at Columbia University, it was just one act and originally titled "Serpent Heart." It illustrates the destructive power of passion and love.
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William Tass Jones, known as Bill T. Jones, is an African-American choreographer, director, author and dancer. He is the co-founder of the Bill T. Jones/Arnie Zane Dance Company.
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South Pacific received the 1950 Pulitzer Prize for Drama, and for the first time the committee included a composer in the drama prize.
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Inspiration came as Gershwin looked at the Hudson River near his home in New York City and how he felt pangs of homesickness when he was away and unable to gaze at the river for comfort.
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When the transition is being made from silent films to `talkies', everyone has trouble adapting. Don and Lina have been cast repeatedly as a romantic couple, but when their latest film is remade into a musical, only Don has the voice for the new singing part.
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American Bandstand, abbreviated AB, is an American music-performance and dance television program that aired regularly in various versions from 1952 to 1989
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In "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes," the portrayal of women goes beyond resisting male objectification; it celebrates the profound connections they share with each other. The camaraderie between Monroe and Russell's characters not only challenges stereotypes but also encourages female viewers to connect through identification, fostering a shared appreciation for women and a positive self-worth.
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The King and I is the fifth musical by the team of Rodgers and Hammerstein. It is based on Margaret Landon's novel Anna and the King of Siam
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A performance by Ailey Dance Theater, which is Alvin Ailey's signature work. The piece has three distinct sections, which are: “Pilgrim of Sorrow,” “Take me to the Water,” and “Move, Members, Move.”
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Alvin Ailey first performed with an All African-American group of modern dancers at his theater.
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The king of pop, began as a singer in the family band JAckson 5. Known for his impr5essive stage presence, and especially the "moonwalk."
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Butoh is a form of Japanese avant-garde dance theater that originated in the late 1950s. It was developed by Tatsumi Hijikata and Kazuo Ohno as a reaction to contemporary dance forms and traditional Japanese performing arts.
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Disco is a dance music genre and subculture that originated in the 1970s within the urban nightlife scene of the United States. Characterized by its distinctive sound, disco typically features four-on-the-floor beats, syncopated basslines, string sections, brass and horns, electric piano, synthesizers, and electric rhythm guitars. The genre became a cultural phenomenon, influencing not only music but also fashion and dance styles during its peak.
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Fase, an hour-long minimalist dance performed by De Keersmaeker and a partner, is considered to be the starting point of the contemporary dance movement that developed in Flanders during the 1980s.
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West Side Story is a 1961 American musical romantic drama film directed by Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins
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Paula Julie Abdul is an American singer, dancer, choreographer, actress, and television personality.
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In the early 1960s, choreographers, artists, composers, and filmmakers met at Judson Memorial Church in New York's Greenwich Village. Through workshops, they redefined what was considered dance.
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Bye Bye Birdie is a stage musical with music by Charles Strouse and lyrics by Lee Adams, based upon a book by Michael Stewart.
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Based on the 1949 memoir The Story of the Trapp Family Singers by Maria von Trapp, the film is set in Salzburg, Austria and is a fictional retelling of her experiences as governess to seven children, her eventual marriage with their father Captain Georg Von Trapp, and their escape during the Anschluss in 1938.
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Mia Michaels is an American choreographer best known for her judging and three-time Emmy Award-winning contemporary choreography on the Fox TV show “So You Think You Can Dance.” She has choreographed tours from Madonna's Drown World Tour to Cirque du Soleil's Delirium.
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As the youngest of the Jackson clan watched her brothers form The Jackson 5 a young Janet Jackson aspired to a different career — a horse-racing jockey. She also thought of becoming a lawyer, but at the age of seven, she performed for the first time on the Las Vegas Strip at MGM Casino.
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House Dance is a style of dance that originated in the late 70's and early 80's from underground clubs in Chicago and New York. The style was influenced by several types of movement, including Tap, African dance, Latin dance, and martial arts. House Dance is about freedom, improvisation, and feeling the music.
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ilobolus is an American modern dance company that began performing in October 1971. Pilobolus has performed over 100 choreographic works in more than 64 countries around the world
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Fiddler on the Roof is based on Tevye and his Daughters, a series of stories by Sholem Aleichem that he wrote in Yiddish between 1894 and 1914 about Jewish life in a village in the Pale of Settlement of Imperial Russia at the turn of the 20th century.
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Founded by choreographer Lin Hwai-min,Taiwan's first contemporary dance company.
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Sankai Juku is an internationally known butoh dance troupe
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Musical comedy horror film produced by Lou Adler and Michael White, directed by Jim Sharman, and distributed by 20th Century Fox.
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Paul Taylors most famous work. He was inspired by a young girl running to catch a bus. This dance uses running, walking and falling to tell the story.
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Premiered 9 Jan. 1976 by American Ballet Theatre at the Uris Theater in New York, with Baryshnikov, Tcherkassky, van Hamel, Clark Tippet, and Christopher Aponte.
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Grease is a musical with music, lyrics, and a book by Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey. Named after the 1950s United States working-class youth subculture known as greasers
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The Urban Dance scene did evolve, in certain aspects, from Hip Hop dance roots. Several moves and grooves and concepts were inspired by Hip Hop and street styles. But in the past 2 decades or so, the Urban Dance culture and Urban Dance choreography developed its own identity.
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teady, propulsive beats: House is known for its 4/4 time and four-on-the-floor kick drum pulse. Off-beat hi-hat patterns and hand claps help give the music a funky edge. 2. Dance tempos: Nearly all house music falls between 120 and 130 beats per minute, which makes it easy to dance to.
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Music television originally began airing august 1, 1981. MTV, cable television network that began as a 24-hour platform for music videos.
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DV8 Physical Theatre was a physical theatre company based at Artsadmin in London, United Kingdom. It was officially founded in 1986 by Lloyd Newson, Michelle Richecoeur and Nigel Charnock.
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Lady Gaga, born Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta, is an American songwriter, singer, actress, philanthropist, dancer and fashion designer.
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Twyla Tharp Dance Company premiered 'In the Upper Room' at the Murray Theatre in Highland Park, IL. This marked an exciting beginning and signaled a new era for Tharp's company.
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One of Michael Jackson's most successful songs and music videos
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When Tracy Turnblad, an overweight teen, auditions for a spot on a popular teen dance show, she beats out the spiteful Amber von Tussle , winning over Amber's boyfriend in the process. After meeting some black students at her school, Tracy begins to push for more racial integration on the dance show. This gets her into trouble on many sides, especially with Amber's pushy parents
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"Cold Hearted" is a song by American singer Paula Abdul, released in June 1989 as the fifth single from her debut album, Forever Your Girl (1988).
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Rhythm Nation" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson, released as the second single from her fourth studio album, Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation
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Achterland is a seminal choreography in Anne Teresa De Keersmaeker's oeuvre.
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Beauty and the Beast is a 1991 American animated musical romantic fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is based on the 1756 fairy tale of the same name by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont
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Rent is a rock musical with music, lyrics, and book by Jonathan Larson. The musical is loosely based on the 1896 opera La bohème by Giacomo Puccini
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A 1994 Disney musical film adaptation loosely based around Shakespeare’s hamlet
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De Keersmaker has stated that the most important connotation of the name Rosas, to her, is that "it refers to women, as the name Rosa is a woman's name. The title of the piece, "Rosas danst Rosas", meant we dance ourselves, and repetition was already contained in the title."
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Krumping was created by two dancers: Ceasare "Tight Eyez" Willis, and Jo'Artis "Big Mijo" Ratti in South Central, Los Angeles, during the early 2000s
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His recent film, "The Cost of Living", won a Prix Italia and a Rose D'or. Born in Australia, Newson's interest in dance arose while studying psychology
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Wicked is a musical with music and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz and book by Winnie Holzman. It is based on the 1995 Gregory Maguire novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West, in turn based on L. Frank Baum's 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and its 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film adaptation.
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The title of Pina Bausch's dance piece, Vollmond is a German word for Full Moon. Dance theatre is what Pina Bausch's specialty was and it was this new type of performance that created a unique style of dance that was designed to express reality.
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He danced and/or choreographed with many companies — including Modern Dance Ensemble, Impulse Dance Theatre/New Zealand Ballet Company, One Extra Dance Theatre
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"Rain on Me" is a song by American singers Lady Gaga and Ariana Grande from Gaga's sixth studio album, Chromatica