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1500
1500-Spirituality In Natives
The natives believed in spirituality. The shaman was the one in the population who interpreted the dreams and were responsible for understanding the meaning of those dreams. -
1505
1505-Animism
The natives believed that everything in their environment had a soul. They treated nature and their environment with respect because it was their way of thanking nature for all their resources. -
1510
1510-Communication and Exchange
The natives didn't read or write, so their method of getting information and ideas across to other people was orally. They would speak with each other and share their ideas -
1600-Cultural Interactions Between The Natives And The French
The natives would trade for metallic items from the French. This eventually changed the lifestyle of the natives. The French considered the natives culture as simplistic, so they sent missionaries to convert the natives to Catholic. -
1608-Divine Rights of Kings
The king received his power from God (Absolutism), which meant no one was allowed to oppose to him or they would be considered to be challenging God. The king had a good relationship with the church considering the fact that the king was the defender of the Catholic faith. -
1615-Catholicism
The Church was very important in peoples lives, people were obliged to attend Church on Sundays. The Church ran the school system and Hospitals. They had missionaries converting people to the Catholic religion -
1635-Foundation of the Collège des Jésuites
This was a school for boys from the Québec elite to get a higher education. It was founded by a French nobleman. It allowed for a more advanced education. -
1640-Life in New France
Settlers of New France led happy lives but they were forced to do work such as caring for crops, making clothes, fixing tools and preparing for winter. There were very rich people living there, but there were also many poor people. Due to New France not developing, settlers were forced to become self-dependent. -
1700-Nobility in New France
In New France, there were three types of individuals, the Rich who were the noble and Elite. These were the people who were related to the king or just had a lot of money. Middle Class who were the Bourgeoisie, these people were in charge of the church, and Poor who were the farmers and they didin't work for a lot of money -
1760-Liberalism
Liberalism was the political ideology based on individuals having equal fundamentals rights, including protection from the abuse of the monarch’s (Royalty, Kings, and Queens) power -
1760-Imperialism
Imperialism was an ideology that advocates the political, cultural, economic and/or military domination exerted by the Mother Country on the Colony. -
1764-First Newspapers
Newspapers made information easily accessible, businesses could then resort to newspapers to publish advertising in order to encourage readers to consume their products. The first newspaper was presented in French and English, it was called "The Quebec Gazette". "The Montreal Gazette" newspaper was later developed and discussed the liberal ideas and talked about bishops and the Catholic clergy. -
1780-Ultramontanism
Ultramontanism was a political and religious doctrine where the Catholic church dominates in every way, including political power. They had control over the school system and any social services -
1790-Anticlericalism
Anticlericalism was when people opposed against the church, and don't believe in the church’s power. Nationalists and liberalists went against the church because they didn't want them controlling their lives in a political and social matter. -
1867-French-Canadian Nationalism
In the second half of the 19th century, French Canadian nationalism remained survival nationalism. Concerned about the exodus of French Canadian to the United States, the leaders of the province saw a return to the land as a solution. This surfaced through the adoption of various measures aimed at modernizing agriculture and encouraging the opening of new regions to colonization. -
1867-English-Canadian Nationalism
Britain liked the English way of language and politics, and the English supported Britain. Although they supported Britain, they still wanted to become an independent nation. -
1876-Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state. -
1910-Feminism Before WW1
Before the war, the women of the colony weren't allowed to participate in trade and their only real role was to cook and clean. Men were allowed to beat their wives and receive no charge for it. Feminism really started to become a problem during the war -
1918-Feminism After WW1
During this time since all the men were at war, the political parties had no one to vote for them so this was when the women received the right to vote. Eventually more women started pushing for their rights and people saw their capability, so more rights were opened to them. -
1929-Cooperatism
Cooperatism is people coming together with resources benefiting the other person. In order to raise the capital necessary for rural development, they counted on cooperatism, which would allow for the pooling of savings. Caisses Populaires Desjardins for example. -
1939-Fascism
Fascism is the promotion of the restoration of a traditional order by authoritarian means. Some nations were superior to others based on their ethnicity. It required an all-powerful leader and military life and discipline -
1948-The Secularization Movement
Following the Second World War, criticism of traditionalism became more varied, the Duplessis government and the alliances between the Church and state. The main critics of traditionalism were artists and intellectuals. In 1948, a group of artists denounced the Catholic church and its traditional values, which they held responsible for what they considered to be the province’s cultural backwardness. -
1950-Americanism
Americanism is the act of becoming American and adapting American culture. It included new habits of consumption (clothing, appliances, etc), while television spread American culture, it also encouraged the broadcasting of local cultural productions, such as soap operas -
1970-Aboriginalism
Beginning in the 1970’s, Aboriginal peoples began to assert their concept of the nation. The aboriginal peoples hoped that Quebec and Canada would recognize their rights and consider their point of view, interests and cultural characteristics. From these hopes, the provincial government signed the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement in 1975 and promised to consult the Inuit and the Innus regarding everything that concerned them -
1980-Quebec Neoliberalism
Neoliberalism was an ideology that advocated a laissez-faire approach to economics, it emerged in Quebec during this period to address concerns about the province’s competitiveness in the global economy.
