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As Britain gave the mandate of Palestine back to the United Nations and Jewish leaders in Palestine kept urging for a Jewish state, the UN decided to split Palestine into a Jewish state (Jerusalem) and an Arab state, and gave Jerusalem international control.
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In former Palestine, the declaration of the founding of Israel was the beginning of Arab and Israeli conflict. Israel has been attacked several times and since the beginning, many neighboring countries have refused to acknowledge its right to exist as a nation.
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Palestinians had strong nationalism, and the UN's intentions of creating a Jewish and Arab state was only half fulfilled, as the Arab state was put under Israeli control. The Palestine Liberation Organization pledged to take down Israel and replace it with a Palestinian state.
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Egyptian troops moved into the Sinai and the country began to close off the Gulf of Aqaba. This gulf was Israel's passage into the Red Sea, and believing there would be a large Arab attack, Israel attacked first.
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In 1977, Egypt's president finally wanted peace with Israel, which led to the creation of the peace agreement known as the Camp David Accords. This was made by the Egyptian president and Israeli prime minister a year later and ended the hostility between the two nations.
