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The term "to compute" means "to calculate". Therefore, the first computer invented was the Abacus, a kind of calculator.
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The Abacus was perfected and John Napier invented a Slide Rule to make easier to calculate big multiplication operations.
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The mathematical Pascal creates the first mechanical automatic calculator.
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The first calculator able to calculate subtraction, addition, multiplication and division operation was created by Leibniz.
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Joseph Marie Jacquard invented the first programmable mechanical machine to help him to cut out fabrics automatically, since he was a tailor.
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Charles Babbage invented the Difference Machine which was able to calculate different types of mathematical operations.
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Charles Babbage continued his projects and invented the Analytical Machine, that is compared to the nowadays computers.
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George Boole is considere the father of mathematical logic because of his studies in this subject. His logic system is used in the computers nowadays.
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Hermann Hollerith created a machine that was able to speed up the process of data computing.
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He invented a computer with binary architeture, using Boole's theory.
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The Second World War caused the development of computers. The most highlighted were Mark I, by the Harvard University, and Colossus, by Allan Turing,
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1946-1949: First Generation
The computers at this time used eletronics valves and were huge. One example is the ENIAC (Eletronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). -
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1959-1964: Second Generation
The eletronic valves were replaced by transistors. That fact reduced the size of the computers. -
1964-1975: Third Generation
The computers from this generation worked with integrated circuits, which replaced the transistors. This enabled an even smaller size for the computer.
At tis time, the use of personal computers started. -
1975-...: Fourth Generation
This time is known because of the drastic size reduction, with the use of microprocessers, and the drastic price drop, that furthered the population to buy it. -
The computers have each year beem more technological. The researchs for its improvements is steadfast.
