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Continent made up of hundreds of ethnic groups and languages. Slave trade. European trading posts only along coasts. Emissaries sent to investigate.
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Henry Stanley of Belgium established a colony called Congo Free State, 1870's
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The "scramble for Africa" took place between 1875 and 1900.
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Taking advantage of Egypt's unrest, Britain occupied Egypt, 1882
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European leaders wanted to avoid war...
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RESULT: a transformation of political and economic Africa, with virtually all parts of the continent colonized by 1900