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The first Drakes Folly was being dug, powered by oil in Pennsylvanis.
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U.S federal government agency that helped freed slaves from 1865-69. The idea came from Lincoln and was intended to go for a year after the civil year to help slaves.
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General Grant (Republican) ran againist Horatio Seymour (Democrat). Grant won 214-80 electoral votes and 3.0-2.7 millon. Mississippi, Texas, and Virigina votes were uncounted.
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Jim Fisk and Jay Gould bought a whole bunch of gold planning to sell for profit, in order to lower the price of gold the Treasury bought it from the two.
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John D. Rockefeller established The Standard Oil Company. He tried to eliminate the middleman and delete competition. His business ethics were almost illegal because he hired spies. After 7 years he controlled 95% of oil refrineries.
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Stockholders who had a stake in the Union Pacific Railroad made a false company, the Credit Mobilier construction company, to hired themselves for inflated prices. They stole millons of dollars from the government. To keep the government from doing anything about it they shared their stocks.
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In disgust of the political corruption and the corruption of the military during reconstruction the Liberal Republicans were formed. Horace Greely was the choosen president.
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During reconstruction a lot of railroad was laid, mines sunk, erected mroe factories, bankers gave out unreasonable loans and people could not pay them back. 15,000 businesses went bankrupt, and several people were unemployeed because materials failer to materalize.
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Grant had thought about running again, but was not allowed because of Washington's two term tradtion. So Rutherford B. Hayes ran againist Samuel Tilden. Tilden had 184 out of 185 electoral votes to win but it was disputed by 15 Congressman that Haye would take office
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15 Congressman decided that Hayes would be president. The Democrats were very upset and to compromise the Republicans decided to withdrawl troops from the south and also push aside the issue of racial equality.
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President Garfield was shot by Charles Guiteau, a stalwart republican, who was mentally deranged because he want Arthur in office. This shocked people into reforming the spoils system.
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Prohibited Chinese immigration until 1943, it was passed to limit the about of immigration. Any Chinese already living in America could stay but no one could come.
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Was built from Lake Superioir to Puget Sound. It was one of the four transcontiental railroads complete by the end of the 19th century.
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James Blaine (Republican) ran againist Grover Cleveland (Democrat). The Irish helped Cleveland win a slight majority in New York, letting him win.
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Strike organized by the Knights of Labor (Chigago). They were violent and wanted to overthrow government. Police invaded a meeting and a bomb was thrown that killed 11 people and injuried over 100.
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Prohibited rebates and pools, required railroads to publish open rates, forbade unfair discrimination againist the shippers, and outlawed charging more than a short haul than for a long one over the same line.
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Democrats nominated Benjamin Harrison, who was Wiliam Henry Harrisons grandson, The Republicans paid the Democrats 3 million dollars on the lower tariff issue which helped Harrison get elected.
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The act declared every contract, combination, or conspiracy in which interstate trade was restricted illegal. It also said coroporate monopolies were exposed to federal prosecution if found to conspire in restraining trade.
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Boosted the tax to the highest tax until then, 48.4%. rought hardtimes to farmers and they had no choice but to buy manufactured goods.
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Andrew Carenige's workers went on strike because of pay cuts, so he hired 300 armed Pinkerton guars to end the strike. The PA militia was eventually summoned and 10 died and 60 were injuried in the process.
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The Maine mysterously blew up and this was the breaking point of America to finnally go to war with Spain.
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The Spanish sign the armistice to America for Puerto Rico.
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Promised when the U.S overthrew Spanish rule in Cuba the U.S would give the Cubans their independence. Yet the U.S was not letting Cuba get taken over by Germany.
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Emilio Aguinaldo led an insurrection. America sent 126,000 troops. The Filipinos used guerilla warfar. When America finally caught Aguinaldo the war still went on. There were around 600,000 Filipino deaths
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Secretary of State John Hay decided to urge the European powers in their spheres of influence (the right to hold property for a fixed period of time at some price) they should respect the Chineses rights and fair competetion. Most of Europe agreed
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McKinley won againist Jennings Bryan 7.2 mil-6.3 mil and 292- 155.
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A group of super patrotic martial arts people murdered more than 200 foreigners, Chinese Christians. A multinational rescue force of 18,000 soliders stoped the rebellion.
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Not even 6 months after in office, Leon Czolgoz shot President McKinley twice with a gun that was hidden by a handerchief. Bystanders tackled him before he could shot again. He was taken into surgery but they couldnt find the second bullet.
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America was allowed to construct and manage a Central American canal. The U.S was then guranteed the neutrality of the canal and was authorized to frtify the area, finally the canal was opened to all nations.
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Rider attached to an army appropriations bill. It was written into the constitution of Cuba by the US and in effect made Cuba a US protectorate. The US could intervene to preserve Cubas independence.
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Heavy fines could now be imposed both on the railroads that gave rebates and on the shippers that excepted them.
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The New York court ruled on a 10 hour work day for all bakers.
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The preparation of meat shipped over State lines would be subject to federal inspection.
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Designed to prevent the mixing and mislabeling of foods and drugs.
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Roosevelt recieves the peace prize because of the peace agreement.
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The act the gave Interstate Commerce Commision to maximize railroad rates.
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The book The Jungle was written with the intent to focus attention on the plight of workers in the big canning factories, but instead he appalled the public with his description of disgustingly unsanitary food products. (Upton St.Clair)
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Roosevelt did not want to appear weak to the Japanese, so he ordered the entire battleship fleet to voyage around the world.
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Signed by Japan and America following warm relations after the Great White Fleet visit. It pledged both powers to respect the other's teritory possession of the Pacific. This opened the Open Door in China.
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In Oregon there was law that women could only work ten hours a day. Muller challegened that and was fined 10 dollars for disobeying that and refused to pay the fine.
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The Republicans lost badly in this election leaving the Democrats with 228 and Republicans with 161 seats, But they still had Senate majority.
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The Secretary of the Interior Richard Ballinger opened public lands in Wyoming, Montana, and Alaska to corporate development, he was criticized by Gifford Pinchot. Taft dismissed Pinchot on the grounds of insubordination.
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The triangle shirtwaist company building caught fire and there were little escape routes and 146 workers died.
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was created and named after Teddy Roosevelt because he oversaw a lot of conservative movements. It is a dam.
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Founded in 1911, they figured on LaFollette to be nominated for the presidency because Roosevelt was anti-third term yet Taft still won.
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A new federal agency was created by women reformers (progressives)
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Woodrow Wilson wins presidency with 41% of the popular vote againist Taft, Roosevelt, and Debs.
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Woodrow Wilson established the State of The Union Address in early 1913 and it is still used today.
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This created the Federal Reserve Board which oversaw a nationwide system of 12 regional reserve districts, that all had central banks.
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Created a commission to investigate industries engaged in interstate commerce.
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Prohibited manufacture, sale, transport, or consumption of alcohol; temperance movements began way before the admendment was passed and ratified.
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The admendment that gave women the right to vote!
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Teddy Roosevelt created the American legion so vets could share memories together.
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The American Legion was created by Teddy Roosevelt for veterans to share memories and hang out.
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An act that authorized the Shipping Board to dispose of much of the hastily built wartime fleet at low bargain prices.
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The first radio show, KDKA, was aired in Pittsburgh, PA.
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This act encouraged private consolidation of the railroads and pledged the Interstate Commerce Commission to guarantee their profitability
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This reduced trhe amount of immigrants coming into America to 3% of what was coming in before it.
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Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall convinced the Secretary of the Navy to transfer those two properties to the Interior Department. Harding signed them over to the Interior. Fall leased the lands to oil tycoons Harry Sinclair and Edward Doheny for $100,00 and $300,000 respectively.
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The Veteerans Bureau was created to operate hospitals and provide rehabilitation for the disabled
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Tariff went from 27% to 38.5%.
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Harding seized the initiative for naval disarmament.A 10-year “holiday” on the construction of battleships and for scrapping some of them. He believed that Britain and America should have the same number of ships, with Japan having less – a ratio of 5:5:3
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It reversed the Muller vs. Oregon because now women had the right to vote they shouldn't be treated specially in the work place.
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It reduced the former Emergency Quota Act from 3% immigration to only 2%.
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Lafollete, Coolidge, and Davis. Coolidge won.
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F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote the book The Great Gatsby which was about The Roaring 1920's. A man named Jay Gatsby who was a self made tycoon who was in love with a girl named Daisy.
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A high school teacher, John Scopes, taught his students evolution and was charged and defended by Clarence Darrow. He lost and had a fine of aorund $100.
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first talking movie which was about a poor, Jewish immigrant torn between following his father’s wishand his own ambition to become a jazz singer.
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Marcus Garvey created the UNIA to resettle the blacks back in Africa.
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Agreed that all conflicts should be settled by peaceful means and that war was to be renounce, any war started has to be done in self-defense.
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Al Capone and his men killed 7 men of a rival gang at a wearhouse, after tricking them that they was a shipment of illegal goods there. They pretended they were cops and then attacked.
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This conference was to organize and try to get the globe out of a depression. It wanted to stablize each countries currency and exchanging rates. Countries such as America though wanted to solve problems without help from the rest of the world.
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The United States was the first country to recognize the Soviet Union as a country for economic and political reasons.
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This gave the Phillippines independence after 12 years and US agreed to give up all army bases, not naval bases though.
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Was designed by Sec Hull to lower tariffs, boost American trade. It was negotiated with 21 other countries and helped relations with Latin American countries.
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These were acts to forbid the United States to trade with any country that was involved in the war.
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These laws took all rights away from Jews and forbid Jews to marry non-Jews. From this point on Jews had to wear a large Star of David on their clothing so they could be recognized as Jewish.
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After Adolf Hilter had taken control of Rhineland, Sudetenland and a part of Czechoslovakia, a conference was held with the leaders of the Allies France and Britain to stop Hilter from taking anymore land. It was agreed that he wouldn't just so he could keep what he had already conquered.
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The Nazis started to become more violent toward the Jews in Germany and Austria. They destroyed Jewish shops, the synagogues, and even their homes. This all happened because a Jew murdered a German diplomat. (The night of broken glass)
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Provided that European countries could trade with America if they transported the items after paying in full cash. (Cash and Carry)
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The SOviet Union and Germany signed an act that they could not start war with each other. It was signed previous to Hilter and Stalin took control of Poland.
