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Christopher Columbus sailed across the Atlantic and found the Bahamas
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Ponce de Leon explored Florida for Spain.
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Giovanni da Verrazano explored from North Carolina to the Hudson River.
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Hernando de Soto discovers the Mississippi River for Spain.
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Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo started his exploration of the Pacific Coast at San Diego Bay.
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Sir Walter Raleigh founded the Roanoke Colony in present-day North Carolina.
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Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement in the Americas.
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The settlement of Sante Fe was established by the Spanish in New Mexico.
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John Rolfe, the father of tabacco, perfected this crops culture in Virginia.
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In the settlement of Jamestown the first Africans arrived in North America.
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The pilgrims signed their first form of government, the Mayflower Compact.
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Virginia is declared a royal colony.
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The mostly Catholic colony of Maryland was founded.
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Harvard is one of the many great Ivy League Schools.
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A Virginian, John Lederer, started exploring the Appalachian Mountains.
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The original Carolina colony was founded by the Lords Proprietors.
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Blue Laws were governing laws of the colony.
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Virginians rebelled because they did not like the governors friendly approach to the Natives, it was led by Nathaniel Bacon.
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The Pueblo Indians of Sante Fe revolted against the Spanish settlers.
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The Province of Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn.
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Ben Franklin held this in New York with seven of the thirteen colonies present; talked about Indian relationships and defenses against the French.
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General George Washington tries to push the French out of the Ohio River Valley, but is defeated at Fort Necessity.
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War between the British and the French that would eventually push the French out of America.
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Ended the French and Indian War, and set up the exchange of territtories.
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A loose confederation of Great Lakes' Indians were not happy with British policies, so they fought back.
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This prohibited the colonists from settling past the Appalachian Mountains, in order to keep peace with the Native Americans.
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All sugar products would have a tax on them.
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Colonists had to give shelter and food to British soldiers.
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Representatives from some of the colonies met and thought of ideas to protest the new Stamp Act.
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A tax was charged on the printing and selling of certain documents.
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The crown declared that it has complete and total rule over the colonies.
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These were passed to increase the revenue from the colonies.
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Parliament suspended the New York legislature for not corresponding with the Quartering Act.
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The crown sensed an uprising in the, so they sent troops to Boston.
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A group of British soldiers in Boston, fired on a crowd of protestors, killing and wounding 11.
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All of the Townshend Acts were repealed except the Tea Act.
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The British East India Company was granted a monopoly over the tea trade.
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The Quebec Act guranteed many rights to the French and extended the province to the Ohio River.
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There were twelve colonies represented at the congress in Philly, and they discussed the Intolerbale Acts.
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These acts caused outrage and resistance in the colonies.
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These were the first military engagments of the Revolutionary War. "The shot heard around the world."
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Dealt with war efforts and moving towards independence.
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Adopted by the Continental Congress, this delcared the colonies independence from Britain.
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Promised protection from British attack indefinitely between France and the Colonies.
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Established the United States as a confederation of sovereign states.
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Cornwallis was forced to surrender to a combined American and French force at Yorktown, Virginia.
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Ended the American Revolution; the Colonies were victorious.
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Treaty signed between the United States and the six nations of the Iroquois League.
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This divided the land west of the Appalachian Mountains into separate townships to be sold.
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Caused by harsh debt collections of the Revolutionary War veterans.
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Representatives from five states met to discuss a revision of the the Articles of Confederation.
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Held in Philidelphia, it was intended to revise the Articles of Confederation but it created a new constitution.
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This created the Northwest Territory (Great Lakes Region).
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George Washington was elected the first president of the United States.
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The Constitution went into effect after it was ratified by eleven states.
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Officialy formed the U.S Supreme Court.
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This was a tax on luxury items including whiskey.
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The first ten amendments to the Constitution; protect the natural rights of liberty and property.
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Occured in Southwest Pennsylvania in response to the Excise Tax on whiskey.
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Treaty between U.S and Britain that averted war and alllowed peaceful trade for ten years between the two.
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Asserted the right of the Supreme Court to invalidate state laws as unconstitutional.
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United States declares war on Great Britain, starting the War of 1812.
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Oliver Hazard Perry and the U.S fleet defeated the Royal Navy off the coast of Ohio on Lake Erie.
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Battle ended with a U.S victory and the death of Tecomseh.
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Most of Washington D.C was burned by the British including the White House and Capitol Building.
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Thomas McDonough and the Americans defeated the British on land and on Lake Champlain to keep the Red Coats from advancing southward.
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Ended the War of 1812 and resulted in no territory lose by either side.
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New England Federalists met and discussed their displeasures with the government and talked about secession.
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This was the final major battle of the War of 1812 where Andrew Jackson and the Americans were victorious over the Red Coats.
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This was the first protection tariff in U.S history and it protected American manufacturing and goods.
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The bank was based off of the first national bank and handled all of the Federal Government's transactions.
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Limited naval armament of the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain, and demilitarized the U.S and Canadian boarder.
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Andrew Jackson invaded Florida claiming to be looking for British spies, but once in Florida he never left.
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Signed by the U.S and Britain and ressolved boundary issues and had joint occupation of the Oregon Territory.
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This was the first major economic depression in the United States and occured during the Era of Good Feelings.
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Spain gave the Florida Territory to the U.S after Andrew Jackson invaded Spanish forts.
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This compromise banned slavery in the Lousiana Territory and admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.
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This act eliminated the purchase of public land on credit in the U.S.
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In this case the U.S Supreme Court enacted the power to review state supreme court cases.
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In this case the U.S Supreme Court ruled that Congress had the power to control interstate commerce.
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Canal that connects the Hudson River in New York to Lake Erie.
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The Tariff of 1828 was passed by Congress as a protective tariff, but it greatly angered the south.
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Signed by President Jackson to move the Native Americans in the east to federal Indian Reserves in the west.
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Short conflict between the U.S. and a group of Native Americans lead by Black Hawk near Illinois.
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This tariff was also a protection tariff, but it was passed as a small compromise between the south and the Tariff of 1828.
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This tariff was passed as a compromise tariff from the Tariff of 1828.
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200 Texans were killed by the Mexican Army at a mission named the Alamo fighting for Texas's freedom.
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John Brown led a band of abolitionists to kill five people.
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A series of violent political acts between anti-slavery people and pro-slavery people in the Kansas Territory.
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This tariff amended the Walker Tariff and lowered rates to around 17%.
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James Buchanan defeated Fremont and Filmore to become the 15th president of the United States.
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Dred Scott (a slave) was brought to Illinois by his master and then tried to sue for his freedom. The court ruled that he was not a citizen so had no right to sue.
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This panic was caused by the declining global economy and over-speculation.
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Abe Lincoln and Senator Stephen Douglas debated seven times to try and win their spot in the Illinois Senate.
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John Brown tried to lead a slave uprising by capturing the arms at the U.S arsenal at Harpers Ferry.
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Abe Lincoln defeated three other candidates to become the 16th president of the United States.
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Led by South Carolina, seven states seced from the Union by 1861 and form the Confederate States of America.
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This battle was fought in southwestern Tennessee, and ended in with a victory for Ulysses S. Grant and his Union Army.
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The Confederacy enacts conscription for men ages 18 to 35 to be a part of the army for three years.
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Anyone who was 21 years or older and did not take up arms against the U.S government could file for a federal land grant.
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The Alabama raided the northern shipping routes and captured or burned 65 Union ships.
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Although this battle ended in a draw, the North used it as a moral booster and it allowed Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
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This battle was fought in Fredericksburg, Virginia, and ended in a victory for Lee and the Confederate forces over Burnside and the Union forces.
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Lincoln issued this proclamation which stated that all slaves in the Confederate States were to be freed, but it did not free the slaves in the boarder states or southern territory occupied by the Union.
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The United States' National Bank was formed, and it pushed for a national currency.
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This battle was fought near Chancellorsville, Virginia, and was called Lee's perfect battle because he was victorious even though his men were outnumbered two to one.
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The battle of Gettysburg was fought in central Pennsylvania and was the Union's first major victory.
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Napoleon III declares Maximilian as emperor of Mexico, but he is later killed by the Mexican peoples.
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The Confederate commerce raider, the Alabama, was sunk off the coast of France by the U.S.S Kearsarge.
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Major General Sherman and his Union forces marched through Georgia and waged total war from Atlanta to Savannah.
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General Lee surrendered his army to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse virtually ending the Civil War.
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President Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth in Fords Theater shortly after the end of the Civil War.
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The permanent transatlantic cable was established from Newfoundland to Ireland.
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The U.S. purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million, but it was not an organized territory for many more years.
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The formal general Ulysses S. Grant defeated Horatio Seymour for the presidency and began the Reconstruction era.
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The Union Pacific Railroad and the Central Pacific Railraod met in Promontory Summit, Utah completing the first transcontinental railroad
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"Boss" Tweed takes over the New York City government and starts a political machine with corruption.
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The 15th Amendment was added to the Constitution and it prohibited the state or federal governments from denying the right to vote from any citizen.
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This fire burned for three days, destroyed 3.3 square miles of Chicago, and killed hundreds of residnets.
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Yellowstone National Park was established by Congress, and is located mostly in Wyoming.
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Main investors in the Union Pacific Railroad created their own construction company (Credit Mobilier) and hired themselves to build the transcontinental railroad at high prices.
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The panic was caused by over speculation of land and the rise and fall of the many wildcat banks.
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Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone which allowed people to talk to each other directly at large distances.
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Lt. Col. Custer and the 7th Calvary were wiped out by the Sioux indians near the Little Big Horn River.
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The U.S. was divided into four time zones to organize the railroad schedules.
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This act prohibited all immigration of Chinese laborers, but permitted the ones already present to stay.
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The Statue of Liberty was a gift from France as an icon of Freedom.
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The AFL was one of the first national labor unions in the U.S.
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This commission was formed to regulate the railroad rates to be fair and rate discrimmination.
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The National American Women Suffrage Association was founded by Elizabeth Cady Stanton to fight for equal rights for women, especially the right to vote.
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The Sherman Antitrust Act was passed into law to prohibit commercial monopolies.
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This tariff raised previous tariff rates to almost 50% to protect domestic manufacturing.
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After reviewing the 1890 census the Census Bureau decided that the West was settled enough to close the frontier.
