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This is important to history because this is one of the few successes of the Articles of Confederation. This also set the precedent for other states to join the United States. This made slavery illegal in the Northwest territory. This was the government's first way of trying to regulate slavery.
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This is important, because it started the westward expansion, which in turn made manifest destiny. President Thomas Jefferson bought this land. However, he felt conflicted, because he had a strict interpretation of the constitution. The Louisiana purchase is made up of all of Arkansas, Iowa, Missouri, South Dakota, Kansas, and Nebraska. It's also made up of part of Louisiana, Montana, Oklahoma, North Dakota, Colorado, and Wyoming
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This is important because this added to the balance of free and slave states. This made Maine a free state and Missouri a slave state. As a result the 36'30" line is established. This is also known as the Mason-Dixon Line. This drew the line for the expansion of slavery.
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The Monroe Doctrine is important because it told Europe that they had no business in American affairs. In order to enforce the Monroe Doctrine America relied on Britain. America barely even had anything to be considered a navy. President James Monroe issued this and although it didn't do anything the second it was official, it was used as the basis for future American Presidents in regards to Latin American affairs.
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This is important because this showed America was still having issues with State rights. John C. Calhoun from SC attempted to nullify a high protective tariff the government put out. They made a compromise and the tariff was lowered. States have the right to declare a federal law null and void if it harms that state, as a result the South did not give up their right. They [the South] had to be threatened to pay it.
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This is important because this only added to sectionalism in America and led to the Mexican American war. This took nine years to complete due to border disputes and the issue of slave v. free states. At the time they had an even number of both, American Texans declared independence when Mexico got rid of slavery in texas. They won their independence, Mexico just wouldn't acknowledge it
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This is important because without this treaty we would've been in 2 wars at once. We would've lost one and if we did win both it probably would have taken a large toll on ambitious America. This treaty was made because America and Great Britain had "joint custody" of this Oregon Territory. America wanted to be on the “54’40 line. Polk used this to his advantage when campaigning to get elected he then backed down from his promise. So we then received the 49th parallel.
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This is important because it finished Manifest Destiny. This is the result of the Mexican American war. They gave us most of their land, and we started the war. We set troops up trying to start a war. How we got the land is still a "controversial" topic and there are 2 distinct versions of what happened. However, this leads to tension with mexico in the 20th century. February 2, 1848
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This is important because it banned the slave trade in D.C. It only added more tension in regards to the free v. slave states and made more sectionalism between the north, south and west. It made a stricter Fugitive Slave law, popular sovereignty for F. or S. in Mexican territory. California was also admitted as a free state.
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Stephen Douglas proposed popular sovereignty to decide whether these states would be slave or free. This is important because this became a big issue, because people from the slave and free side came and voiced their opinions. They felt strongly on this issue, so much so that things got violent. As a result this time period was known as Bleeding Kansas.
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This was the result of the Kansas Nebraska Act. This is important, because this shows how bad tension was over the ability to have slavery in a state or not. This also made tension worse between the North and South. Bleeding Kansas happened because the government decided that popular sovereignty would decide whether these territories would be free or slave. People from both sides flocked there and eventually things got really violent.
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This is important because this is the first battle of the war, not Fort Sumter. This was a confederate victory and it showed the Union that this was not going to be a quick war. The Union had the upper hand in the beginning and the Confederacy still held their own and shocked everyone. The battle was in Manassas, Virginia and after this loss Lincoln replaced McDowell with General George G. McClellan hoping that he would bring results and win the war.
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The battle of Fort Sumter is important, because this was the start of the Civil War. The Battle began on April 12, 1861. This started, because the confederates fired on the Union garrison. The garrison commander surrendered the 13th. This was the Confederate's first win as well as the first battle.
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This is important, because this was a tactical draw, it took place in Antietam Creek which is in Maryland. This was the bloodiest day of the war, 23,000 soldiers were dead or wounded. The generals for this war were Union General George McClellan and Confederate General Robert E. Lee. The Union experienced more loss than the Union that day, but Lee still ran to Virginia. This allowed Lincoln to move forward with the Emancipation.
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The Gettysburg Address is important to history because this is where Lincoln not only pays his respects, he also stresses how the bigger issue at hand, the Civil War. He dedicates the Gettysburg battle field to dedicate this as a cemetery for the fallen soldiers. He says the Civil War was a struggle to fulfill the Declaration of Independence as well as to preserve America and what it's dedicated to (the proposition that all men are created equal).
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Presidential Reconstruction was important because it shows how lenient the presidents were in regards to the South. You can see their main goal was to get the South back as soon as possible. President Lincoln started this and he called it the 10% plan, when his untimely death struck President Johnson took over. Johnson was more lenient with the South and wanted to grant pardons. Congress impeached Johnson which weakened his power greatly.
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The Battle of Gettysburg is important because not only is this an Union victory, it was the South's last attempt to invade the North. This was the bloodiest battle of the entire Civil War. At first it looked like the Confederacy was going to win and their attempt wouldn't be in vain. However, when it was night time the North quickly went to work. They killed or wounded almost a third of Lee's fighting force, Lee retreated to Virginia.
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This was an Union victory. This happened in May 1863 and the Confederate General John Pemberton took a loss from Union General Ulysses S. Grant. This is important because after multiple attempts Grant finally lays siege against Vicksburg. Lincoln felt like this was one of the keys to ending the war.
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This is important because this is when President Lincoln "freed" the slaves in states that were in rebellion. In their [confederate's] eyes that didn't apply to them, because they were no longer apart of the Union. So technically this didn't free any slaves. However, this did allow African Americans in the military. This was a big win for their community although they faced plenty of discrimination and didn't have as many resources as their white counterparts.
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William Tecumseh Sherman was on the Union side of the war. His March to Sea is important, because for one it was an early example of total war and most importantly it was successful. Without the March to Sea, we probably would've lost the war. His goal was to capture the port at Savannah, Georgia. This cracked the South right open and made the Union's future a little brighter.
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This is important because this ended slavery everywhere in the United States not just in the former Confederate states of America's territory. The government made the South recognize and abide by this before they could be allowed back into the Union or America. To combat this newfound freedom of the African American community they made things like black codes and the grandfather clause. The government gave these freedmen resources to help them adjust and flourish in their new found freedom.
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This is important, because this granted birthright citizenship. Long story short, if you were born here in America you are an American citizen no matter the color of your skin. This made sure that the Dred Scott decision was overturned. African Americans and any other race in slavery was no longer property.
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This is important because it allowed ALL MEN to vote. This allowed republicans to make some progress in the South. Allowing Republicans to have some type of impact in the South was one of the reasons for this amendment to go into affect. The South made things like the grandfather clause to counteract this as well as the literacy test.
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This is important because this shows not only how much power congress had at the time but it also shows how different the presidential and congressional Reconstruction really were. The congressional Reconstruction plan wanted to punish the South, this was the main goal. They added onto the presidential reconstruction plan. They wanted to make the 14th amendment ratified, allow African Americans to vote, make the Military Reconstruction Act.
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This established separate but equal which made this very important in American history. The Supreme Court made segregation legal and widespread even in the North. This also made more Jim Crow laws and things like black codes legal and justified. This allowed discrimination and in turn the government did not protect these freedmen's rights.