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missouri compromise
Maine was admitted as a free state and Missouri as a slave state. The rest of the Louisiana Territory was split into two parts.
andrew jackson was president. -
santa fe trail
One of the busiest routes, which stretched 780 miles from Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe in the Mexican province of New Mexico. -
san felipe de austin
The main settlement of the colony was named San Felipe de Austin, in Stephen’s honor. By 1825, Austin had issued 297 land grants to the group that later became known as Texas’s Old Three Hundred -
The Liberator
The author was William Lloyd Garrison to deliver an uncompromising demand: immediate emancipation -
mexico abolishes slavery
The overwhelmingly Protestant Anglo settlers spoke English instead of Spanish. Furthermore, many of the settlers were Southerners, who had brought slaves with them to Texas. Mexico, which had abolished slavery in 1829, insisted in vain that the Texans free their slaves. -
Abolition
The movement to abolish slavery, became the most important of a series of reform movements in America. -
nat turner's rebellion
Rebelled against their condition of bondage. One of the most prominent rebellions was led by Virginia slave Nat Turner. -
Stephen F. Austin goes to jail
In 1833 Austin was imprisoned for inciting revolution -
oregon trails
stretched from Independence, Missouri, to Oregon City, Oregon. It was blazed in 1836 by two Methodist missionaries named Marcus and Narcissa Whitman. By driving their wagon as far as Fort Boise (near present-day Boise, Idaho), they proved that wagons could travel on the Oregon Trail -
Texas Revolution
Rebellion in which Texas gained its independence from Mexico -
Texas enters the United States
Texans declared their independence from Mexico and quickly ratified a constitution based on that of the United States -
manifest destiny
expressed the belief that the United States was ordained to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican and Native American territory. -
Mexicn-American war
A border skirmish along the Rio Grande started off the fighting and was followed by a series of U.S. victories. When the dust cleared, Mexico had lost about one-third of its territory, including nearly all of present-day California, Utah, Nevada, Arizona and New Mexico -
north star
The author was Frederick Douglass, the purpose was that he believed that abolition justified whatever means were necessary to achieve it. (after the star that guided runaway slaves to freedom.) -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Mexico agreed to the Rio Grande as the border between Texas and Mexico and ceded the New Mexico and California territories to the United States. -
Underground Railroad
“Conductors”- Harriet Tubman:on the routes hid fugitives in secret tunnels and false cupboards, provided them with food and clothing, and escorted or directed them to the next “station.” -
Harriet Tubman
born a slave in Maryland in 1820 or 1821. In 1849, after Tubman’s owner died, she heard rumors that she was about to be sold. Fearing this possibility, Tubman decided to make a break for freedom and succeeded in reaching Philadelphia -
Compromise of 1850
The compromise proposed a new and more effective fugitive slave law, Clay’s compromise contained provisions to appease Northerners as well as Southerners -
Fugitive Slave Act
Under the law, alleged fugitive slaves were not entitled to a trial by jury. In addition, anyone convicted of helping a fugitive was liable for a fine of $1,000 and imprisonment for up to six months. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe was the author, which stressed that slavery was not just a political contest, but also a great moral struggle -
Kansa-Nebraska Act
STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS, If passed, the bill would repeal the Missouri Compromise and establish popular sovereignty for both territories -
Dread Scott v. Sandford
a slave whose owner took him from the slave state of Missouri to free territory in Illinois and Wisconsin and back to Missouri, Scott appealed to the Supreme Court for his freedom on the grounds that living in a free state—Illinois—and a free territory—Wisconsin had made him a free man, the Supreme Court ruled against Dred Scott. According to the ruling, Scott lacked any legal standing to sue in federal court because he was not, and never could be, a citizen -
Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas Debates
Douglas believed deeply in popular sovereignty. Lincoln, on the other hand, believed that slavery was immoral. Neither wanted slavery in the territories, but they disagreed on how to keep it out.Douglas won the Senate seat, but his response had widened the split in the Democratic Party -
john brown's raid/hapers ferry
the abolitionist John Brown was studying the slave uprisings that had occurred in ancient Rome and, more recently, on the French island of Haiti. he led a band of 21 men, black and white, into Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia). His aim was to seize the federal arsenal there and start a general slave uprising -
formation of the confederacy
Mississippi soon followed South Carolina’s lead, as did Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. Jefferson Davis was president. -
conscription
a draft that forced men to serve in the army. -
income tax
a tax that takes a specified percentage of an individual’s income. -
abraham lincoln becomes president
Although he pledged to halt the further spread of slavery, he also
tried to reassure Southerners that a Republican administration would not “interfere with their slaves, or with them, about their slaves.” -
attack on fort sumter
Lincoln decided to neither abandon Fort Sumter nor reinforce it. He would merely send in “food for hungry men.” At 4:30 A.M. on April 12, Confederate batteries began thundering away to the cheers of Charleston’s citizens. The deadly struggle between North and South was under way -
battle of bull run
In the morning the Union army gained the upper hand, but the Confederates held firm, Fortunately for the Union, the Confederates were too exhausted to follow up their victory with an attack on Washington. Still, Confederate morale soared. -
battle of antietam
September 17, with casualties totaling more than 26,000. The next day, instead of pursuing the battered Confederate army into Virginia and possibly ending the war, McClellan did nothing. As a result, Lincoln removed him from command. -
battle at vicksburg
Grant tried several schemes to reach Vicksburg and take it
from the Confederates, After food supplies ran so low that people were reduced to eating dogs and mules, the Confederate command of Vicksburg asked Grant for terms of surrender -
emancipation of proclamation
The proclamation did not free any slaves immediately because it applied only to areas behind Confederate lines, outside Union control. Nevertheless, for many, the proclamation gave the war a moral purpose by turning the struggle into a fight to free the slaves. It also ensured that compromise was no longer possible. -
battle of gettysburg
Buford ordered his men to take defensive positions on the hills and ridges surrounding the town. When Hill’s troops marched toward the town from the west, Buford’s men were waiting. The shooting attracted more troops and both sides called for reinforcements. By the end of the first day of fighting, 90,000 Union troops under the command of General George Meade had taken the field -
gettysburg address
the speech helped the country to realize that it was not just a collection of individual states; it was one unified nation. -
sherman's march
William Tecumseh Sherman, His army burned almost every house in its path and destroyed livestock and railroads. By mid-November he had burned most of Atlanta. After reaching the ocean, Sherman’s forces—followed by 25,000 former slaves—turned north to help Grant “wipe out Lee.” -
surrenderat appomattox court house
Virginia town,Lee and Grant met at a private home to arrange a Confederatesurrender. Within a month all remaining Confederate
resistance collapsed. -
thirteenth amendment
The U.S. Constitution now stated, “Neither slavery nor involuntary
servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States.” -
assasination of abraham lincoln
John Wilkes Booth,Ford’s Theatre in Washington to see a British comedy, Our American Cousin Booth believed that Lincoln was determined to overthrow the Constitution and to destroy his beloved South.