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The Union Naval Blockade was a defense tactic created by the north in order to prevent the southern army from escaping, and allocating them into one direction to exit. This blockade in the ocean was formed by ships to stop southern trade with Europe, which was most of the southern economy due to cotton exports. With the south putting a halt to their exports, they could not get support from England, therefore had no allies.
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Fort Sumter occurred after Lincoln's plan on resupplying it. After 34-hours of gunfire and shots, Anderson and his 86 soldiers surrendered the fort, leaving the Confederate troops to occupy it for nearly four years. -
The First Battle of Bull Run was the first major battle in the civil war. This occurred when both Union and Confederate armies fought near Manassas Junction, Virginia. The south was able to break the Union right flank, sending Federals into a retreat towards Washington. The Confederates took the victory, giving them confidence, while shocking many northerners. -
The Trent Affair happened when an arrest order went out for two Confederate Convoys aboard a ship sailing to Europe called "The Trent." Britain got angry at the United States because they were claiming neutrality in the Civil War, putting the US in a foreign crisis with Great Britain. -
The Battle of Shiloh existed in Tennessee with the beginning of the battle coming from the Confederates. They forced the Union troops to retreat to the Shiloh Church and continued to attack them throughout the day. Grant counterattacked with his army the next day, pushing the Confederates to retreat with both sides ending up with many lost souls. However, Grant was able to get his army back to Corinth, deeming this a success for the Union.
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The Battle of Antietam occurred after the Union found Lee's Special Order 191 and took a copy. Lee knowing a copy went missing and his army split up fled to Antietam Creek nearby. The Union outnumbering the enemy 2:1, caused thousands of deaths for the Confederates. McClellan let Lee take his soldiers, both dead and alive, and retreat to Maryland. Lincoln was not happy due to the fact McClellan could have killed Lee, but claimed victory for the Union and announced the Emancipation Proclamation. -
President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation and enacted the freedom to those slaves that were brought to or escaped into a non-slave state, were set as free. -
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With the new commander Ambrose Burnside, he lead the Union Army into the Battle of Fredericksburg. However his tactics failed, and Jackson launched a successful counterattack against the Union. The union counted thousands of deaths, more than double of the Confederates. The loss for the Union was tragic, but Burnside took the blame with miscommunication and blamed Lincoln for pressuring him into battle.
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The Vicksburg Campaign was launched by the Union Army to seize Vicksburg, Mississippi, an important Confederate City. This was Grant's second attempt at seizing the city and he succeeded this time. This siege lasted 47 days and gave the Union control of Mississippi River, helping the construction of the Anaconda Plan and cut off the South from trade to Europe.
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The Battle of Chancellorsville started when the Union Army got a new commander, General Joseph Hooker. The Union Army also have thousands more men than the Confederates. Lee split his army into two which worked. Hooker retreated with his men, leaving the victory for Lee. This loss for the Union upset Lincoln because he was the one who appointed Hooker as General.
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The Battle of Gettysburg began on July 1st, 1863, and ended a few days later on July 3rd. Robert E. Lee led his troops into Pennsylvania and met George G. Meade who led the Union Army in Gettysburg. Lee and his men had better tactics, but due to the many loses of people, he had to retreat. This resulted in a victory for the Union because Lee had lost a third of his army.
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President Abraham Lincoln gave the Gettysburg Address at the place where the battle occurred, with thousands of dead buried bodies. This was one of his most important speeches discussing the need for equality among all men throughout the country, and how it should be represented like in the Declaration of Independence. -
The Overland Campaign was created by Commander Ulysses S. Grant after Lincoln appointed him commander of the Union Army. This plan was outlined to capture the Confederate Capital, Richland.During this unsuccessful battle that existed for nine months, tens of thousands of Union soldiers died, but Lincoln kept faith in Grant.
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General William T. Sherman led the Union through Georgia, from Atlanta to Savannah from November 15th to December 21, 1864. The goal was to scare the people of Georgia into supporting the Union. The plan was not to be violent, but the Union ended up burning down confederate houses and stole livestock from southerners who attempted to retaliate.
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The Appomattox Campaign was the final campaign of the Civil War, starting on March 29th, 19865. Grant used his troops to attack Lee and his army. Lee and his troops were forced westward. Lee's army was not able to outrun the race west and Surrendered to the Union on April 9th, 1865
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Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant on April 9th, 1865 after losing a flee to the west. Lee's multiple attempts to return to the south failed due to Grant and his army. However, the Confederate Commander surrendered to Grant, Lee did not let his troops and other men surrender.