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Plessy V.S Ferguson and Jim Crow Laws
In 1896 the Supreme Court made a decision that entailed “separate but equal” saying that acknowledging the difference did not contradict any constitutional Amendment. This all took place when Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow car saying that it violated his rights. That is when the Court decided that “implying merely a legal distinction” did not conflict the 13th and 14th Amendments. -
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Methods of non-violent protest
Dr. King organized many non violent protest, some of them included boycotting busses, businesses, cities and other places. There were also marches conducted and gatherings where people would just gather to listen to him speak. And him just going to places like poor urban areas and conducting speeches and helping. -
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Methods of nonviolent protest
Dr. King organized many non violent protest, some of them included boycotting busses, businesses, cities and other places. There were also marches conducted and gatherings where people would just gather to listen to him speak. And him just going to places like poor urban areas and conducting speeches and helping. -
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Malcolm X
Malcolm X was born on May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska. He was a well known nationalist leader and a black rights activist.He was openly part of the muslim faith and he was killed by members of the Nation of Islam. -
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The Black Power Movement
It was a political movement where many blacks stood for their rights. In the 70’s it turned violent and groups like the black panthers began to rise, they tried to fight the police and find ways to fight the government. This also brought the beginning of many black institutions and services. -
Brown VS school board of topeka
On May 17, 1954 the Supreme court unanimously overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision say that “separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.” This decision no longer allowed for state segregation and said that the segregation “deprived black students of equal protection under the law.” Also a year later the court required federal district courts to look over school desegregation. -
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The movement in Alabama
What sparked the civil rights movement in Alabama was the civil disobedience of Rosa parks. And from this movement emerged two prominent civil rights leaders Dr. Martin Luther king Jr. and governor George C. Wallace. They were both involved in marches and other civil rights movements that a lot of the time ended with violence. -
Rosa Parks' actions
In Montgomery, Alabama, when a bus is full, the seats at the front were given to white passengers. The
Montgomery bus driver ordered Parks and three other African Americans seated nearby to move to the back of the bus. Three of the bus riders moved, however Parks did not. She sat firm, unmoving. It was this exact position that sparked a revolution within the colored community. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
This boycott took place after Rosa Parks was arrested and fined when she didn’t give up her seat on the bus to a white man. Four days later on December 5, 1955 the boycott began and lasted 381 days. It was the first major protest of segregation in Alabama at the time. It eventually led to the Supreme Court integrating the bus system in Montgomery. -
SCLC Begins
The SCLC (formerly known as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference), was an organization formed after the death of MLK JR. The movement's goals are to keep Martins promise of “one nation, under god, indivisible” and leave no race or demographic behind. The main focus of the organization today is to promote spiritual principles within our membership and local communities. -
Little Rock High
NAACP took 9 students in Arkansas and planned to have them attend Central High School in an attempt to integrate the previously all white school. On September 4, 1957 (the first day of school at Central) The Governor, Orval Faubus, had the Arkansas National Guard stationed outside the school in order to keep the black students out. After the issue of if the Governor was able to block the students from attending the school went to court, the federal government decided to outlaw these actions. -
SNCC begins
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), was a large civil rights organization founded by college students. They organized many event to promote blck rights like; sit ins, freedom rides, march on washington, and freedom summer. -
Freedome Rides begin
Freedom Riders were a group of African-American who uses bus trips in an attempt to further desegregate America. They used white only facilities like bathrooms and diner counters. The freedom riders experienced extreme violence along the way by it gave recognition to their cause. After more and more African-Americans joined the freedom riders all over the country, the ICC prohibited segregation on bus and at train stations. -
Greensboro Woolworth Lunch Counter
The Greensboro sit ins were nonviolent protests where 4 men would go into a Woolworth store and ask to be served and denied everyday until it was changed. It led to the change of segregation policy in Woolworth department stores. -
March on Washington
This march took place on August 28, 1963 and had more than 200,000 American involved. The basis behind the march was for jobs and freedom and to acknowledge the challenges faced by African Americans at this time in America. At this march was when MLK gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speech. -
Sixteenth Street Baptist Church
The baptist church was bombed on a sunday morning before service by the KKK. This church was bombed because it was used by civil rights leaders and had a mostly black congregation. In the bombing three young girls were killed and many people were injured. This violent attack against the church help bring national attention to the civil rights movement. -
24th Amendment
The 24th Amendment added to the US Constitution was passed by Congress on January 23, 1964 to make poll taxes illegal for federal elections. Poll taxes are taxes that some states began charging during Reconstruction as a way to keep African Americans from voting. After the amendment was passed 5 states still decided to keep poll taxing. After 2 years the Supreme Court ruled that all states will be prohibited to doing so, therefore finally abolishing the poll tax from all states. -
Civil Rights Act
This act eliminated segregation in public areas and also employment discrimination. This was a big win in the civil rights movement and help eventually lead to the voting rights act. This act was proposed by JFK and put into action by LBJ. -
Freedom Summer
Freedom summer was a voter registration drive which included Congress on Racial Equality (CORE) and Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) the project was intended to get as many african americans to vote. This movement resulted in backlash from the white population. -
March on Selma
This was a 3 day march that went from Selma, Alabama to the capital of the state Montgomery. This purpose of this march was to bring recognition to black voting rights in the South. This march gave black voters the recognition they needed because of the violence they faced along the way and later that year a Voting Rights Act was passed. -
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Watts, Newark, and Detroit
There were riots in all of these cities in 1965 and 1967 that went on for weeks that left thousands of people dead and hundreds injured. -
Voting Rights Act
Following some tension in communities around the world, the Voting Rights Act was enacted in 1965. President Johnson signed the final legislation into the law on August 6, 1965. The second section of the Act applied a nationwide prohibition against the denial or abridgement of the right to vote on the literacy tests on a nationwide basis. -
Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin luther King Junior was shot in a Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968. He was shot on the balcony with a remington model 760 by James Earl Ray. -
Affirmative Action
Affirmative action was a plan to equalize opportunities of all kinds from white males to minorities.
