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African American 3/5 Compromise
Three-Fifths Compromise outlined the process for states to count slaves as part of the population in order to determine representation and taxation for the federal government -
Women Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions is signed
This outlines the rights that American women should be entitled to as citizens, that emerged from the Seneca Falls Convention in New York in July 1848. ... It argues that women are oppressed by the government and the patriarchal society of which they are apart. -
African American Scott V. Sanford
Dred Scott sued his master over him living in a free state which made him think he was a free man. He sent his appeal to the Supreme court and lost -
African American 13th Amendment
13th Amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude except when applied as punishment for a crime in the entire United States. -
African American 14th Amendment
Granted citizenship to African Americans,” which included former slaves recently freed. -
African American 15th Amendment
Gave African American men the right to vote -
African American Plessy V. Ferguson
Plessy V. Ferguson was a Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality -
African American Founding the NAACP
Make sure that African Americans have the same right as white people -
Women Congress opens all military service academics to women
Since 1914, in western militaries, women have served in greater numbers and more diverse roles than before. -
Women 19th Amendment
The Constitution prohibits the states and the federal government from denying the right to vote to citizens of the United States on the basis of sex -
African American Smith v. Allwright
Smith v. Allwright was a Supreme Court case that regard to voting rights and, by extension, racial desegregation. -
African American Truman orders the desegregation of armed forces
Harry Truman made it legal for anyone man of race, color, religion or national origin to join the US armed forces. -
Hispanic Americans Hernandez v. Texas
Hernandez v. Texas is a U.S. Supreme Court that said the first and only Mexican-American civil-rights case heard and decided by the United States Supreme Court during the post-World War II period." -
African American Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education is a U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that American state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. -
African American Little Rock Nine
Nine African American students were enrolled in a white school called Little Rock Central High School. They were challenged because the white kids didn't want them to go to their school -
African American 24th Amendment
24th Amendment abolished the poll tax for all federal elections. -
African American Civil Rights Act of 1964
ended segregation between whites and black people -
Hispanic Americans Cesar Chavez publicizes the plight of migrant workers
The Delano grape strike was a labor strike by the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee and the United Farm Workers against grape growers in California. -
Women National Organization of Women organized
NOW takes action through intersectional grassroots activism to promote feminist ideals, lead societal change, eliminate discrimination, and achieve and protect the equal rights of all women and girls in all aspects of social, political, and economic life. -
African American Jones V. Mayer
Jones v. Mayer, is a Supreme Court case, which held that Congress could regulate the sale of private property to prevent racial discrimination -
Hispanic Americans Founding of MALDEF
MALDEF got help from the League of United Latin American Citizens and the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, MALDEF got a $2.2 million grant from the Ford Foundation. The grant provided scholarships for more Mexican-American lawyers. -
Sexual Orientation Stonewall Riots
The Stonewall riots were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay community against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City -
Women Reed v. Reed
Reed v. Reed was an Equal Protection case in the United States in which the Supreme Court ruled that the administrators of estates cannot be named in a way that discriminates between sexes. -
Women ERA introduced into Congress
The ERA was a proposed amendment to the US Constitution stating that civil rights may not be denied on the basis of one's sex. -
Women Title IX
No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance -
Women Craig v. Boren
Craig v. Boren was the first case in which a majority of the United States Supreme Court determined that statutory or administrative sex classifications were subject to intermediate scrutiny under the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. -
Women Dothard v. Rawlinson
Dothard v. Rawlinson was the first United States Supreme Court case which the bona fide occupational qualifications defense was used -
Hispanic Americans Plyer v. Doe
was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States struck down both a state statute denying funding for education to undocumented immigrant children in the United States and a municipal school district's attempt to charge an annual $1,000 tuition fee for each student to compensate for lost state funding -
Women Civil Rights and Women's Equity in Employment Act
Amends the Revised Statutes of the United States to declare that all persons within U.S. jurisdiction shall have the same right to take certain actions, including making and enforcing contracts, as is enjoyed by male citizens. -
Sexual Orientation Massachusetts legalizes same sex marriage
Same-sex marriage has been legally recognized in the U.S state of Massachusetts as a result of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruling in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health that it was unconstitutional under the Massachusetts Constitution to allow only opposite-sex couples to marry. Massachusetts became the sixth jurisdiction in the world (after the Netherlands, Belgium, Ontario, British Columbia, and Quebec) to legalize same-sex marriage. -
Hispanic American Multi-member electoral districts in Texas outlawed
The Supreme Court upheld the statewide redistricting as constitutional, with the exception of Texas' 23rd congressional district, which it held was racially gerrymandered in violation of Section 2 of the 1965 Voting Rights Act, apparently to try to protect a Hispanic Republican representative. -
Sexual Orientation "Don't Ask Don't Tell"
"Don't ask, don't tell" was the official United States policy on military service by gays, bisexuals, and lesbians, instituted by the Clinton Administration on February 28, 1994, when Department of Defense Directive 1304.26 issued on December 21, 1993, took effect, lasting until September 20, 2011 -
Sexual Orientation United States v. Windsor
United States v. Windsor the United States Supreme Court held that restricting U.S. federal interpretation of "marriage" and "spouse" to apply only to opposite-sex unions -
Sexual Orientation Obergfell v. Hodges
Obergefell v. Hodges is a landmark civil rights case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution -
Sexual Orientation Defense of Marriage Act
The Defense of Marriage Act was a United States federal law that, prior to being ruled unconstitutional, defined marriage for federal purposes as the union of one man and one woman, and allowed states to refuse to recognize same-sex marriages granted under the laws of other states. -
Sexual Orientation Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado
Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado was a Supreme Court case that dealt with whether owners of public accommodations can refuse certain services based on the First Amendment claims of free speech and free exercise of religion, and therefore be granted an exemption from laws ensuring non-discrimination in public accommodation — in particular, by refusing to provide creative services, such as making a wedding cake for the marriage of a gay couple, on the basis of the owner's religious beliefs.