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The supreme court ruled that free or enslaved African Americans can't sue in the federal court. Secondly that congress has no power to ban slavery. Also that slave owners rights were protected by the constitution with the fifth amendment because slaves were still considered property. -
the 13th amendment way put into the constitution in 1865 after the civil war. this amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude except if it was used as a punishment for a committed crime. -
the fourteenth amendment in the constitution was put in place in 1868 and granted citizenship to all people born in the united states including former slaves. This also allowed equal protection of the laws which established legal rights for black Americans. -
the fifteenth amendment was put in place in 1870 and it gave citizens the right to vote and they couldn't be denied based on the color of their skin, race or if they were previously enslaved. although this gave citizens the right to vote women still couldn't vote yet. -
during this case Louisiana enacted the separate car act for trains which made whites and blacks have to sit in different cars on the train. The railroad cooperated to because they thought the Act caused unnecessary costs. Plessy who is 7/8 Caucasian sat in the whites only car and was kicked off the train when he refused to leave the car he was arrested since he was consider black under Louisiana law. The court said that the state law was constitutional since segregation wasn't unlawful. -
the nineteenth amendment was put into place in 1920 and it allowed women the right to vote so poling places could no longer deny them for their gender. It was one of the first steps for gender equality for women. -
this case due to segregation of public schools in multiple states due to race. they believed that segregation of the schools broke the 14th amendment because of the equal protection clause. the separate but equal educational facilities were deemed unequal and violated the 14th amendment and warren made sure that they understood that segregation was bad and created an inferiority feeling in African american children. -
this act was a defining factor in civil rights and labor laws that banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, national origin or sexual orientation. -
this banned voting discrimination practices that many southern states had put in place such as literacy tests required in order to vote. This was put into place 95 years after the voting amendment was first put in to the constitution. -
Idaho probate code said that males must be preferred to female when appointing administrators of estates.once their adopted son died both sally and cecil reed both wanted to be name the administrator but cecil was appointed the administrator.The court determined that it was unconstitutional for unequal treatment of men and women under the 14th amendment -
Title IX of education amendments was ratified in 1972. it protects students in the education program from discrimination based on sex or activities that receive financial assistance from the federal government. So they can't be denied from any education program. -
the supreme court ruled that university's use of racial quotas in admissions is unconstitutional but schools need to have more minority applicants accepted is constitutional in some circumstances. -
The american disabilities act protects disabled people from discrimination in places such as jobs, schools, transportation, and all private and public places that the general public can access. -
same sex couples sued their state agencies to challenge the constitutionality of their ban on same sex marriages. the case went through the supreme court and they determined that the 14th amendment protects same sex couples and allows them to marry who ever they please.
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