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Ch. 18
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Progressive Spirit
The ecconmic growth spread to rise in numbers of new goods and services, and expansion of the middle class. this growth also put a gap and huge difference between the rich and the poor. Progressivism was focused on urban problems such as plight of workers and corrupt political machines. -
The AFL
AFL stands for American Federation of Labor. Led by Samuel Gompers. Believed that skilled workers had the greatest potential to cause change. Most of the members were eastern immingrants or African Americans. -
The IWW
IWW stands for Industrial Workers of the World, this group opposed capitalism. The leader was William Haywood aka, "Big Bill." The group would get workers to go on strike to get a better pay out of their jobs. -
The muckrakers press
A speech Theodore Roosvelt described a man with a muckrake who "fixs his eyes... only on that which is vile and debasing." Investigative journalists became known as muckrakers. They were called this becuase they would rake up and expose the muck, or filth, of society. -
Ella Flagg Young
This woman was known as the first woman to become a Chicago superintendent for schools. Also the First woman to hold such a job in a big city. She promoted public education by raising teachers salaries. -
American Indians Organize
A group of 50 american indians, most of them middle class professionals. The group discussed ways to improve civil rights, health and education. Disputes with Dr. carlos Montezuma were common. -
The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
Some 500 emplyees, most of them Jewish or Italian immigrant woman. While they were finishing their day, the eighth floor of the 10 story building was ablaze. The escape for the woman was impossible. The managers locked them in because they didnt want the workers stealing fabric. So they decided to start jumping out the windows falling to their death. -
Female and Child Laborers
The commission on Industrial Relations reported in 1916 that the salary means that every penny must be counted, every normal desire stifled and each basic necessity of life barely satisfied. Must woman often faced significant barriers when they tried to increase income. Chicagos commissioners realizec that children were employed to do work that he could not do and live. -
Eighteenth Amendmentt
In 1917 congress proposed this amendment. This was designed to stop the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcholic beverages. This amendment was extrememely unpopular and was eventually repealed. -
Cleaning up the city
41 out of 42 cities had cleanend up their city. The laws made in 1908 required that a city greater than 10,000 people, had to have at least one playground. The diseases had decreased and people were no longer getting sick.
