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The caravel (also spelled carvel) is a light sailing ship that that was developed by the Portuguese in the late 1400's, and was used for the next 300 years. The Portuguese developed this ship to help them explore the African coast.
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The crew of the Santa María was paid the standard wage for a merchant ship on a yearlong voyage. Since the King and Queen of Spain were sponsoring the expedition, the crews were paid in gold.
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Now they sleep in rooms like the there guests does.
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Seamen could be 'tarred and feathered', tied to a rope, swung overboard and ducked or 'keel-hauled'.
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The high-ranking members of the expedition, such as Captain Cook and Joseph Banks, had their own private cabins. But for others on the voyage the sailors slept mainly on the deck but really anywhere they could sleep.
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Now they get paid 1,200-1,500
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they work on the deck, engine room, cleaner, cruise cooker etc.
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They didn't have colleges or schools you could go to in order to get a job as a crew member, but now they have all type of different colleges and universities you can go to in order to get that job as a crew member