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Connecticut Asylum for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb Persons
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The New England Asylum for the Blind
Eventually renamed the Perkins School for the Blind, the school's philosophy to give students both the ability to think and the skills to support themselves. The main focus of the school was to help individuals with vision impairments an opportunity to become independent and well-educated members of society. -
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President's Panel
President Kennedy appointed a 26 member panel which authorized Public Law 88-164. The public law allowed the beginnings of federally funded research and communities. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This law distributes funding to schools with high percentages of families who live with disability, mobility problems, learning difficulties, poverty, or transience, or who need to learn English to create programs within the school to better suit the needs of these students. -
PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
In the Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ruling, students with disabilities were to be placed in publicly funded school settings that met their individual educational needs, based on a proper and thorough evaluation.At the time, students were placed in inappropriate settings. -
Mills v. Board of Education of D.C.
The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia students classified as “exceptional” – including those with mental and learning disabilities and behavioral issues. This ruling made it unlawful for the D.C. Board of Education to deny these individuals access to publicly funded educational opportunities. -
Congressional Investigation of 1972
After the major rulings of PARC and Mills, Congress was determined to uncover how many children with special education needs were being underserved. The Bureau of Education for the Handicapped found that there were 8 million children requiring special education services. From the 8 million, 2.5 million were receiving a substandard education and 1.75 million weren’t in school.The law has begun turning it's focus to serve all students. -
Section 504 of the Rehab Act
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act calls for accommodations for students who have a physical or mental disability that inhibits one or more major parts of their life, has record of impairment, a permanent disability.
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 also prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability on federal programs, federal employment and in the employment practices of federal contractors. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
Two main goals were to provide a Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) to all students. For students with disabilities, this meant schools were unable to remove students based on their disabilities and behaviors. This law also provided parents with a voice in their child's education. Parents were given procedural safeguards. For example, one safeguard is getting parent consent before providing services to children. -
Handicapped Children’s Protection Act
As special education is on the rise, President Reagan signed the Handicapped Children’s Protection Act. This law gave parents of children with disabilities more say in the development of their child’s Individual Education Plan, or IEP. It secured that each students would receive an individualized plan to achieve their academic goals. -
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Timothy v. Rochester, N.H.
In this Supreme Court case, Timothy was fighting for his right to enter the public school's Special Education program with related services. With years in court, the court ruled in favor of Timothy as related services could have been beneficial to the success of Timothy. -
Public Law 101-476
This law called for significant changes to Public Law 94-142, or the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. On the lsit of disabilities, the new law added Traumatic brain injury and autism. Additionally, Congress mandated that as a part of a student’s IEP, an individual transition plan, or ITP, must be developed to help the student transition to post-secondary life. -
IDEA '97
President Clinton reauthorized IDEA, so students can gain access to the same curriculum. States were given the authority to expand the “developmental delay” definition from birth through five years of age now until nine. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The law supported standards-based education reform based on the premise that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals could improve individual outcomes in education. To receive federal school funding, states had to give these assessments to all students at select grade levels.This held teachers and students more accountable. -
Idea 2004
Congress amended IDEA by calling for early intervention for students. It also called for greater accountability for teachers and improved educational outcomes, and raised the standards for instructors who teach special education classes. -
Every Student Succeeds Act
Signed into law by President Obama, the law reauthorizes the 50-year-old Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), the nation’s national education law and longstanding commitment to equal opportunity for all students, despite disabilities.
