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In 1925, Benjamin Gitlow was convicted under New York's anarchy laws for publishing 16,000 copies of a left-wing manifesto. This was brought up to the Supreme Court where they concluded that this violated his rights under the 14th amendment. The Supreme Court then identified that freedom of speech and press are among the fundamental rights and liberties that are protected by the due process clause in the 14th amendment. This was the domino for the Incorporation Doctrine.
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De Jonge when addressing jail conditions, while at a meeting held by the communist party, was arrested for violating the state's statute. De Jonge argued that the evidence wasn't good enough to warrant his arrest. The Supreme Court found that De Jonge didn't take part in violating the statue, only assembling the people, applying the right to assembly to the states through the 14th amendment.
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Newton Cantwell ( cool name btw ) and his sons were arrested for going door-to-door trying to convert a mainly catholic neighborhood. The supreme court ruled that while the soliciting charge was valid, restriction based on a religion was not. They ruled that his and his sons' actions were protected by the 1st and 4th amendment through the Free Exercise Clause. The Supreme Court established that the Free Exercise Clause applies to the states through the 14th amendment.
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Mapp was arrested when police raided after demanding entry to her house on suspicion that she was harboring a bomber, but they didn't have a warrant, arresting her off of finding pornographic photos. Mapp argued that this violated her 4th amendment rights and appealed her case to the Supreme Court. They ruled in favor of Mapp and applied the Due Process Clause in the 14th amendment.