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Period: Jan 1, 1491 to
Period 1
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Apr 21, 1492
Maize Cultivation
Columbus discovered maize mainly throughtout Haiti. Maize reproduces best in warm climate and now it's grown various diferent countries that have the right climatic conditions. Maize was introduced to Spain by Columbus himself, but the first attempts at cultivating maize took place 40 years later. -
Apr 21, 1492
Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange itself basically was the widespread exchange of domesticate animals, plants, culture, technology, and other important ideas between the American and the Afro-Eurasian hemispheres throughtout the 15th & 16th centuries. -
Apr 21, 1512
Encomienda Systerm
Royal land grants: Conquistadors and other important figures received land grants of a number of Indians. While in return the Indians would protect and also Christianize the Indians granted to them. Weird right? Created by the Spanish population to help control and regulate American Indian labor and behavior during the colonization of the entire Americas. -
Apr 21, 1525
Transatlantic Slave Trade
The Transatlantic Slave Trade was the biggest deportation of slaves and other publically owned items, directly from Africa to the Americas. A large number of Africans were stripped from their homes, and deported to the American continent and likewise sold as slaves. The Transatlantic Slave Trade might also better be known as the Triangular Trade. -
Apr 21, 1555
Tobacco in the New World
The New World commodity Tobacco was intorduced to help with the mercantile system. Sir Francis Drake brought with him two plants, tobacco and potatoe from the New World. Tobacco was first introduced to the Europeans in the year of 1492 when Columbus landed in the Americas. Tobacco became a major crop an was very popular in the Americas. New to the people it was introduced to the individuls had a vast benefit from the Tobacco plant in general. -
Jamestown: Permanent English Settlement
The first English colonists really only wanted the three Gs of exploration: GOlD, GOD & GLORY. In search of gold & silver they mainly found a lot of sickness and disease.The Virginia Company of England said it would sail to the new, mysterious land, which they called Virginia in recognition of Elizabeth I, and begin a permanent settlement. Likewise establishing Jamestown, Virginia, on May 14, 1607, the first permanent British settlement in North America. Jamestown VIrginia became widely known. -
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Period 2
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Pilgrims Arrive
Seeking religious freedom Pilgrims/Separatist arrived in New England aboard the Mayflower in the early 16th century. Their ship however anded on the shores of the island of Cape Cod, which is present-day Massachusetts to be specific. -
Anne Hutchinson
Anne Hutchinson was an English-born Massachusetts Puritan who organized religious meetings for the women and challenged the political authority of the slergy. Tried in 1637, and banished from Massachucetts accordingly. -
Half Way Covenant
Was an agreement which extended partial church membership to the church members' who were not converted. Promoted by the Reverend Solomon Stoddard, who felt that the people of the English colonies were drifting away from their original religious purpose.The Half Way Covenant was mainly aimed at reunifying the world and the people. -
King Philip's War
Was an armed conflict inbetween the Native Americans and English colonists and their Native American allies. The war was named after the main leader of the Native American side, Metacomet, who adopted the English name "King Philip". King Philip’s War was the most fatal war in American history. -
Seven Years War (French & Indian War)
France’s expansion into the Ohio River valley brought repeated conflict with the claims of the British colonies, a series of battles led to the official British declaration of war in 1756. This was began with colonial initiatives. -
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Period 3
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Proclamation of 1763
Issued October 7, 1763, by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War, which forbade all settlement past a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains. -
Sugar Act
A law that imposed a particular tax on foreign wines, coffee, textiles, and indigo imported into the colonies, and that also expanded the customs service. -
Stamp Act
Parliament passed to help pay for British troops stationed in the colonies during the Seven Years’ War. The act required the colonists to pay a tax, represented by a stamp, on various forms of papers, documents, and playing cards. -
Boston Massacre
Was an incident on March 5, 1770, in which British Army soldiers killed five male civilians and injured six others. On the evening of March 5, crowds of day laborers, apprentices, and merchant sailors began to pelt British soldiers with snowballs and rocks. -
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Period 4
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Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was a land deal between the United States and France, in which the U.S. acquired approximately 827,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River for $15 million. -
War of 1812
US declared war against Britain, over the interference with American shipping and impressment of Gordon Wood. Causes of the war included British attempts to restrict U.S. trade, the Royal Navy’s impressment of American seamen and America’s desire to expand its territory. -
Tariff of 1816
The Tariff of 1816 is noted as the first tariff passed by US Congress with an explicit function of protecting the United States, and manufactured items from foreign competition. The Tariff of 1816 inacted a very high tax on foreign goods in effort to protect the American industry after the War of 1812. -
Missouri Compromise
The Missouri Compromise was a United States federal statute by Henry Clay himself. It however regulated slavery in the country's western territories by prohibiting the practice in the former Louisiana Territory north of the 36°30′ line, however within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri.The Missouri Compromise prohibited slavery north of the 36°30' line except in Missouri, because it was admitted to the Union as a slave state while Maine was admitted as a free state. -
The Monroe Doctrine
James Monroe announced what became known as the Monroe Doctrine.The Monroe Doctrine was a U.S. foreign policy regarding domination of the Americas in 1823. It stated that further efforts by European nations in effort to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression, therfore needing U.S. intervention. -
Manifest Destiny (American Expansion)
In 1845,Texas was admitted to the Union as a slave state. Manifest Destiny is a term for the attitude during the 19th century period of American expansion that the United States not only could, but was destined to, expand from coast to coast. Manifest Destiny fueled the whole idea of western settlement, the Native American removal and war with Mexico. -
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Period 5
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Mexican-American War
The Mexican-American War (1846-1848) marked the first U.S. armed conflict which was fought on foreign soil. It pitted a politically divided and militarily unprepared Mexico against the expansionist. Mexico therfore lost about one-third of its territory, including today what is know as California, Utah, Nevada, Arizona and New Mexico. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The treaty officially entitled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the Mexican-American War. -
Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850, which admitted California to the Union as a free state without forbidding slavery in other territories acquired from Mexico. It was a package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850, which defused a four-year political confrontation between slave and free states regarding the status of territories acquired during the Mexican–American War. -
Fugitive Slave Law
Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act as part of the Compromise of 1850. The law forced northerners to cooperate in returning runaway slaves to the South. to provide for the return of slaves who escaped from one state into another state or territory. -
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Period 6
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Transcontinental Railroad
The first transcontinental railroad was completed when the Union Pacific and Central Pacific met. A transcontinental railroad is a contiguous network of railroad trackage hat crosses a continental land mass with terminals at different oceans or continental borders. Transcontinental railroads helped open up unpopulated interior regions of continents to exploration and settlement that would not otherwise have been feasible. -
Standard Oil Organization
John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil company was incorporated in 1870. By 1880, the company had grown into an empire, controlling about 90 percent of oil refining in the United States. Standard Oil Co. Inc. was an American oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. -
Panic of 1873
Prompted by international economic problems and led to a major national depression. It was a financial crisis that triggered a depression in Europe and North America that lasted from 1873 until 1879, and even longer in some countries. -
Battle of Little Bighorn
Was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes, against the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army. War against western Sioux, General George Custer and more than two hundred of his men died along Montana’s Little Bighorn River at the hands of Sioux and Cheyenne warriors. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act was the nation’s first law to ban immigration by race and or nationality. Which banned Chinese immigration for ten years and prohibited the Chinese from even becoming citizens. It was one of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in US history, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers. Basically say no to China and Chinese people. -
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Period 7
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Spanish-America War
In the year of 1895 the Cubans began to fight for their independence from Spain. The Spanish–American War was a conflict fought between Spain and the United States in 1898. Biginnning with the aftermath of sinking of the USS Maine in the harbor which lead to American intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. -
Annexation of Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam
Treaty of Paris, which ended the Spanish-American War, Spain ceded the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam to the United States. The United States did however annex the Philippines after a short but bloody war with Spain. The rich, plentiful islands full of resources were in great demand. -
Open Door Policy
The Open Door Policy is a term in foreign affairs initially used to refer to the United States policy established in the late 19th century and the early 20th century. The open door policy was in regards to China and the demand of importing and exporting. Affecting the was the US got its resources and imported its goods. -
Roosevelt Corollary
Extended the Monroe Doctrine and asserted the rights of the United States to police the Caribbean. The Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union address in 1904 after the Venezuela Crisis of 1902–03. It -
Start of Great Migration
The Great Migration was the movement of 6 million African-Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West that occurred between 1910 and 1970. Increasing the population of the United States and introducing new diseases while also introducing new techonolgy. -
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Period 8
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Containment-Iron Curtain
Policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad. The Iron Curtain formed the imaginary boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II until the end of the Cold War in 1991. Basically containing the spread of communism from entering. Likewise depicting the views of the US. -
Truman Doctrine-Marshall Plan
Was an American foreign policy created to counter Soviet geopolitical hegemony during the Cold War. Plan to keep Communism from spreading to politically unstable countries. -
Korean War
The Korean was began when North Korea invaded South Korea in an effort to unify the two countries, ie bring them together. The United Nations and the United States intervened shortly after, only hoping to halt the spread of Communism to the South. The United States got involved which marked a turning point for the United States and its people. -
Election of Eisenhower
Eisenhower elected president, came up with the Eisenhower Doctrine, which did extend the Truman Doctrine while also providing military and economic supprt in areas of the Middle East. -
Brown VS. Board of Education
Ended legal segregation in public schools. Plessy v. Ferguson “separate but equal” decision when it ruled that segregation of public school children based on race was unconstitutional. -
Warsaw Pact
Was a collective defense treaty among Soviet Union and seven Soviet satellite states in Central and Eastern Europe in existence during the Cold War. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was established as an alliance among Western Europe and North America with only one goal of caontaining communism. -
Election of Ronald Reagan
Ronald defeated Jimmy Carter in the presidential campaign. His campaign was aided by the poor and many things in America changeed soon after. Everyone taught that the Election of Reagan would be a good thing however soon after everyone noticed things were not very pleasant. Reagonomics emerged which called for widespread tax cuts, decreased social spending, increased military spending, and the deregulation of domestic markets. Things were not very pleasant. -
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Period 9
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Iran Contra Hearing-Affair
Many were tried and found guilty of violating the Boland Amendment along with other federal laws in effort to support and arm the anti-Communist rebel Contras who were in Nicaragua without the Congress knowing. The Iran Contra was a massive political scandal in the United States. -
Stock Market Crash-Black Monday
Black Monday refers to Monday, October 19, 1987, when stock markets around the world crashed, shedding a huge value in a very short time. Affecting the United States in a number of ways, eventually leading to a decrease in the number of jobs in the service sector and leading economic poverty in general. The crash of the stock market affected everyone living in one way or another. -
Collapse of the Berlin Wall
Built as a divider between East and West Berlin by the Communist East German government in 1961, the Berlin Wall was torn down. -
Persian Gulf War
President Bush headed a coalition to set a deadline for Iraqi withdrawal. Persian Gulf War began with a massive U.S.-led air offensive known as Operation Desert Storm. Affecting the United States Negatively.
