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Battle of bunker Hill
The battle of Bunker Hill was originally fought on Breed’s Hill, but named different then where it was. Colonists heard the British were going to try and rule over the hills so they took place and surrounded the city on these hills. -
Second Continental Congress
The Continental Congress was a meeting between all of the colonies to discuss things as a whole. Such as the colonial war effort, constructing the Declaration of Independence and coming together and being independent. -
Olive Branch Petition
The Olive Branch Petition was a petition created by the Continental Congress in order to prevent a war with Great Britain. This petition eventually was declined over time. -
Lexington and Concord
The battle of Lexington and concord was the first encounter with the English during the American revolutionary war. The British set out to Concord to destroy militia weapons and supplies but the militia heard about the plan and moved the militaries gear before the British arrived. The militia attempted to fight the British at Lexington but retreated after realizing they were out numbered so the British proceeded to concord to get the weapons. Also, the famous phrase “a shot heard around the worl -
Common Sense
Common Sense was a novel that was created by Thomas Paine, who wrote about how it is to be independent and to represent the Americans as an argument against the British rule. -
Declaration of Independence
Mainly written by Thomas Jefferson, it is the country’s most cherished symbol of freedom and liberty. It expresses the thoughts and wants of the American people and declared our independence from England. -
Battle of Saratoga
Known as the turning point for America in the war. There were many different scuffles between Britain and America during this time. One battle happened at Fort Ticonderoga, when American troops bombarded they took out lots of areas the British used to be in control of. Later on America had won this battle and received land from the British. -
Battle of Yorktown
This battle was known for being the last major battle during the American Revolution. -
Articles of Confederation
This served as the first constitution for the United States of America, and established a confederation of sovereign states. -
Treaty of Paris 1783
This treaty was the official end between Great Britain and America during the Revolutionary War. The main points were that America was free from Britain and were able to have their own independent states. -
Shays' Rebellion
Daniel Shays was a war veteran who was very angry and upset coming back from the war, so he and a group of others decided to rebel based on Economic depression, aggressive tax and debt collection, and state fiscal policy. He wanted to reform the government and overthrow who was in charge. -
Northwest Ordinance
The main effect of the ordinance was the creation of the Northwest Territory. It was the first territory U.S had. -
Constitutional Convention
Was a convention held for the delegates of the states. The Virginia Plan became into plan there as well as the New Jersey Plan selected by their delegates. Also slaves were counted as 3/5th of a person that day which was decided on by the people present. -
Judiciary Act of 1789
It made up the first US federal judiciary. It stated that "judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court.” -
Marbury v. Madison
was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution. The landmark decision helped define the boundary between the constitutionally separate executive and judicial branches of the American form of government. -
Second Great Awakening
Protestant revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States. It encouraged people to get involved in reformes not directly related to religion. -
Whiskey Rebellion
Was a tax protest in the United States during the presidency of George Washington. Farmers who used their leftover grain and corn in the form of whiskey as a medium of exchange were forced to pay a new tax. -
Chisholm v. Georgia
This case granted the court the power to hear disputes between private citizens and the states. Mostly because of this case, the 11th Amendment was ratified in 1795. -
XYZ Affair
An undeclared naval war between france. Brought up the Quasi-War. It got it’s name from the French diplomats in documents released by the Adams administration. -
Alien and Sedition Acts
4 separate bills were passed with these acts. These acts were very controversial in their own day, as they remain to the present day. Opposition to them resulted in the highly controversial Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions. -
Revolution of 1800
Was an election that Jefferson beat out John Adams for presidency and eventually got rid of the federalists party. -
Louisiana Purchase
US purchased a chunk of land from France which was Louisiana at the time. It costed about 15 million dollars in all. -
Embargo Act
was a general embargo enacted by the United States Congress against Great Britain and France during the Napoleonic Wars. -
Non-Intercourse Act
This Act lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports. The intent was to damage the economies of the United Kingdom and France. Like its predecessor, the Embargo Act, it was mostly ineffective, and contributed to the coming of the War of 1812. -
Macon's Bill No. 2
intended to motivate Britain and France to stop seizing American vessels during the Napoleonic Wars. -
Fletcher v. Peck
The first case in which the Supreme Court ruled a state law unconstitutional, the decision also helped create a growing precedent for the sanctity of legal contracts, and hinted that Native Americans did not hold title to their own lands -
Treaty of Ghent
peace “agreement” that ended war of 1812. Battle of New Orleans was the final major battle that ended the war, afterwards a treaty was brought up. -
War of 1812
The war got brought up because of trade issues and such. It was a 32 month military conflict between the United States and the British Empire and their allies which resulted in no territorial change, but a resolution of many issues remaining from the American War of Independence.The final battle was the Battle of New Orleans which mainly ended things on both sides. -
Election of 1816
James Madison won against, Rufus King and at that time pretty much ended the Federalists party. Good thing for federalists Monroe took some of their issues onto his campaign. -
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
It was a case dealing with the Contract Clause of the US Constitution to private corporations. It started when the president of Dartmouth was deposed by his companions which lead to New Hampshire attempting to force the college to become a public institution and place the ability to appoint more trustees in the hands of the government. -
Second Bank of United States (BUS)
served as America's national bank. Twenty percent of its capital was owned by the federal government, the Bank's single largest stockholder -
McColluch v. Maryland
This was another landmark in the US supreme court in 1819. Maryland attempted to oppose the Second Bank of the US by taking all of the notes of banks that are not in Maryland. This cause established that State action mant not impose the valid constitutional exercises by the power of the federal government and The constitution grants implied powers to the Congress in order to function the national government. -
Texas Independence
Texas fought with Mexico to be independent and eventually, after capturing Santa Anna after the Battle of San Jacinto, forced him under the threat of death to sign a treaty recognizing Texas as independent. Officials in Mexico City did not recognize this, but it opened the door for Texas to be annexed to the US and for the slavery question to be brought up. -
Johnson v. McIntosh
Established that private citizens could not purchase land from native americans. The case was in Marshall court and is considered an influential case. -
Election of 1824
the house of representatives elected the president, henry clay supported john quincy adams so they both came out on top. -
Gibbens v. Ogden
It stated that the New Yorks monopoly was unconstitutional and Marshall has established the federal government's broad control of the interstate commerce. -
Election of 1828
rematch between John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson. Andrew Jackson won. -
Indian Removal Act
An act to move the native Americans to reserved land. Mainly West to try and find new living ways. Instead when Jackson signed Southern colonies took over and gave the Native Americans a tough time. -
Nullification Crisis
A conflict over bills and tariff acts. They thought tariffs were unconstitutional and they didn't have to obey them. -
Webster-Ashburton Treaty
This treaty settled the disputed territory between Maine and Canadian New Brunswick, which was controlled by the British, and eventually tensions between the British and Americans caused fighting to erupt. The treaty split the disputed area between Maine and Canada, and also settled the Minnesota border dispute leaving the US the iron-rich Mesabi Range. -
Election of 1844
The election of 1844 was between James Polk and Henry Clay, Polk calling for the annexation of Texas and Clay opposed to it. Polk won, which signaled that the public wanted to annex Texas and continue with the idea of Manifest Destiny. -
Mexican-American War
This war was fought because the US annexed Texas, even though Mexico still recognized Texas as part of Mexico. It ended with the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and the Mexican Cession, gaining the US more territory, and it was the end of all conflict between Texas and Mexico. -
Wilmot Proviso
The Wilmot Proviso was introduce by David Wilmot, and proposed that none of the territories acquired from Mexico in the Mexican cession could have slavery. The proviso passed the house twice but could not pass the senate and was ultimately an event leading up the civil war. -
Ostend Manifesto
The Ostend Manifesto was a secretive document that tried to manipulate Spain into giving up control of Cuba in order to expand slavery. It was an embarrassment to the Peirce administration when it was leaked, and was opposed both by northerners who opposed spreading slavery and by other countries. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago
This was a peace treaty between the US and Mexico that ended all conflict and gave the US California, Nevada, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona and Utah. It also established the Rio Grande as Texas’ southern border. -
Gadsen Purchase
The purchase was an area of land in southern Arizona and New Mexico that was purchased through a treaty signed by James Gadsden, who was the US ambassador to Mexico at the time. The purchase was for the main purpose of building a trans-continental railroad under Pres. Franklin Peirce. -
Panic of 1857
This was a financial panic due to a domestic economy that grew too quickly and an international economy that was going downhill. The crisis did not last long and the civil war saw a economic recovery. -
Alaska Purchase
The US purchased Alaska from Russia, which officially became a state in 1959 because they felt that the area wasn’t worth the thread of British takeover. William Seward, the US secretary of state, purchased the area for $7.2 million, but the American public didn’t immediately recognize the area’s value. -
Dawes Act
Authorized the President of the United States to survey Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians. 1887 -
Wounded Knee massacre
It was the last battle between the Indians and Americans. A deaf Indian had a struggle giving up his rifle, which ended up in a gunfire. With that shot going off, Americans retaliated and shot every Indian in sight. A total of about 300 people (men, women, children) were killed that day, and dumped into a mass grave. -
Spanish-American War
After Roosevelt, the US felt that they had to get involved in the affairs of the Philippines, Cuba and Puerto Rico due to Spanish misrule and yellow journalism. Ultimately the war raised the question of whether the US constitution applied to US territories as well as US states, but it also established the US as a world power. -
U.S.S Maine
Was an event that caused an American ship to explode randomly and gave another reason for the Americans to attack the Spanish. Now it was most likely a malfunction and an accident but still brought angry heads for the U.S. -
Teller Amendment
Congress passed the Teller Amendment to authorize war, saying that once Cuba was stable, the US would pull out and let Cuba have it’s own government. -
Open Door Policy
Created by John Hays, many world powers had spheres of influence in China and America wanted to be a part of the trade there, so the Open Door Policy created free trade in the area so that all countries had equal privileges. The policy was called a diplomatic triumph and ultimately influenced American’s relations with Japan in the 1930’s. -
Boxer Rebellion
A group of Chinese Nationalists also called the Society of Harmonious Fists attacked foreigners and killed hundreds of American missionaries. US troops went in and squashed the rebellion, and the fines paid by china further weakened them. -
Election of 1900
This consisted of two candidates, which were former President William McKinley who was for imperialism and Manifest Destiny, and William Jennings Bryan, who were not as pro-imperialism. -
Platt Amendment
This was a bill that pulled out US troops as long as Cuba followed certain terms, such as never building up a lot of public debt, not signing treaties with world powers that would affect their independence, allowing the US to maintain Guantanamo Bay, and letting the US intervene in their affairs in the future. -
Panama Canal
The Panama Canal needed to be built so that the US could keep an eye on the lands it acquired during the Spanish-American war. At first Columbia refused to give US the area to build the canal, but Theodore Roosevelt supported a revolt there and it quickly succeeded, allowing the US to build the canal. -
Roosevelt Corollary
Allowed the US to intervene in Latin American countries that hadn’t paid off European debts and could occupy ports there until they had taken care of the debt. The effect of the Corollary was poor relations between the US and Latin America in coming years. -
Gentleman's Agreement
This was an informal understanding proposed by Roosevelt to ease tensions between the US and Japan, to correct discriminatory laws against Japanese in California in exchange for limiting Japanese immigration to the US. -
Election of 1908
The election was between William Jennings Bryan and William Taft, who was endorsed by Theodore Roosevelt. Bryan lost for the third time in a row with there being a comfortable Margin for Taft. -
Founding of NAACP
IT was founded on February 12, 1909 after a race riot in Springfield, Illinois. There was a call sent out to Northerners to find a way to create social equality. In 1909, a group of multi-racial activists held a conference in New York City and decided to form the NAACP. -
Mexican Revolution
Was a conflict that started in 1910 and lasted about a decade into 1920. Over time the Revolution changed from a revolt against the established order to a multi-sided civil war. -
Election of 1912
This election was a 4 way race between Theodore Roosevelt and William Taft (who had gone from friends to rivals during Taft’s presidency, Taft was conservative while Roosevelt was progressive, and Roosevelt decided to run in a progressive party when he failed to gain the republican nominee) and Eugene Debs & Woodrow Wilson. This is important because it split the Republican Party, so Woodrow Wilson could more easily take the presidency -
Jones Act
Won by President Wilson, the Jones Act granted territory status to the Philippines, gave male Filipinos the right to vote, and promised independence as soon as there could be a set government. This was Wilson’s attempt to show that he respected other countries rights and wanted to spread democracy. -
First Red Scare
America had its fear with the end of World War 1. As they saw a threat from Russia following the Bolshevik revolution. The Red Scare gets its name from how US was scared that Russia would attack them with their high powered weaponry. -
Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned the 1920s and 1930s. The NEW NEGRO was introduced. -
Election of 1932
the election that took place during the great depression. Roosevelt was the winner. -
New Deal
A government plan that issued more jobs in many areas of work. It increased profit for americans and benefited the world they live in. Really changed how everything was run. -
Attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Two atomic bombs that America dropped in Japan. America did this to display power and capability to all Nations. -
Truman Doctrine
It was a foreign policy established by Truman. It mainly was the start of the containment policy to stop the Soviet’s from expanding and spreading Communism. -
Fall of China to Communism
The rise of Communism in China is mainly due to a man named Mao Zedong. He was soon introduced to and became powerfully influenced by the philosophies of Marxism. Then decided to intergrate Communism... -
Korean War
was a war between what is now North and South Korea. It split them up because of the political differences they had which caused this war. -
Election of 1952
42nd election in which Eisnhower won. McCarthy had a big part in the political talk though. So called "witch-hunts" were going around and brought up by him. Tension soon came up because of the Korean War and Chinas' fall that USA might get drilled by nuclear bombs.
