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Eratosthenes is credited with proving that the Earth is not flat and only being 211 miles of from the actual circumference of the Earth.
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Ptolemy is credited with creating a model of a geocentric model of the solar system which was viewed as accurate for a few centuries before the discovery of the solar system is heliocentric.
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Brahe improved the accuracy of the measurements of the planets' orbits.
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Copernicus believed that the Earth orbited the Sun contrary to popular belief at the time.
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Kepler published his three laws about the movement of celestial objects.
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Newton is known for his three laws about motion relative to
other objects and forces and for his work on the subject of gravity. -
Albert Einstein is partially known for his work regarding space-time and the speed of light. In addition to this, he is also known for his theory about physics applying to all of space.