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1202
Fibonacci publishes "Liber Abaci"
This book introduced Europe to new math concepts from India and the Middle east. It also had new ideas which helped solve economic problems. -
1380
Mongols are driven away of Muscovy
On the year of 1380, after the Mongol Empire collapsed, the leaders of Muscovy sick of paying tributes to the empire finally drove the Mongols away. Even so for some time, Mongol armies would continue to raid the lands. -
1453
Ottoman Empire conquers Constantinople
Ottoman forces took the city of Constantinople, their sultan Mehmet wanted the city as their capital. This gave start to centuries of gaining land and power along with wars for the Ottoman Empire. -
1455
Gutenberg prints 180 Bibles
In 1455 Gutenberg printed 180 bibles with the type used identical to a scrib's handwriting to make it more welcoming to readers. It was because of the success of the printed bibles that the printing press expanded. -
1492
Columbus arrives to the New World
In 1492, Columbus arrived for the first time to the New World, this gave birth to what later would be called Columbus Exchange. This is all the things such as plants, animals, diseases, people, etc that went from the Old World to the New World and vise-versa. -
1526
Slave trading Across the Atlantic
Around 1526, slave trading from Africa to the Americas began, shortly after the arrival of of the Spanish and Portuguese to the New World. It would become the largest and most violent system of slavery seen in history. -
1535
The Spanish Crown claimed the Caribbean Islands under their jurisdiction
Aiming to expand their territory, gain riches, and share their religion, in 1535, the Crown of Spain established the viceroyalty of New Spain on the Caribbean Islands. -
1543
Copernicus Heliocentric Solar System
Nicolaus Copernicus, in 1543, published his heliocentric Solar system which centered the Sun, with Earth and other planets moving around it. For years it was not accepted although it inspired other astronomers to continue to base of his work and prove the sun was the center of our galaxy. -
The start of the Romanovs Empire
After years, Russia would be again unified under the rule of Romanov who was chosen to become czar. His rule and descendants' rule would prosper and expand till 1917. -
King Charles execution, End of 2nd English Civil War
After the failed agreement with the Scots, known as the Engagement, King Charles was found guilty of betrayal and beheaded on January 30, 1649, this gave end to the Second English Civil war. Armies sailed for Ireland to eliminate resistance and eventually Charles II escaped to France where he remained in exile. -
Code Noir
In1685, during the Transatlantic Slave Trade, France implemented the Code Noir to defined the conditions of slavery and freedom in French colonies. This code would define and decide the lives of countless slaves. -
Rational mechanics into math and astronomy.
"Rational mechanics" were introduced to math and astronomy by Newton in 1687, this prompted Enlightenment thinkers into believing that a “natural law” could be found on all aspects of the world but not religion. -
Start of The 7 Years War
May of 1756 was the start of The 7 Years War, a conflict between France and Austria against England and Prussia, conflict that would rage conflict across Europe. Eventually England and Prussia won but the heavy toll of the war prompted greater taxes. -
The Stamp Act
The Stamp Act was a direct taxing on English American Colonialists paid directly to the government rather than being included in the price of goods. Many people were affected by this, and the colonialists claimed the Parliament could not tax them because the colonies did not have representatives in it; this conflict eventually evolved into violence and was a spark for the American Revolution. -
The storming of the Bastille
On July 14, 1789, an angry mob stormed into the Bastille in order to steal weapons in defense of the National Assembly, it ended in blood and various casualties. It also released a wave of violence throughout France called the Great Fear that evolved into extreme violence and was the first strike of the Revolution. -
End of The Reign of Terror
Lasting from September of 1793 to the summer of 1794, the Reign of Terror took the lives of 18,000 to 40,000 people. Thousands of the deaths were by guillotine and many lights of the Revolution were executed. -
Haiti is Declared an Independant
On 1804, after the long fight since 1791, Jean-Jacques Dessalines led the revolutionaries at the Battle of Vertieres on 1803 where the French forces were defeated. The next year, Dessalines declared the nation independent and renamed it Haiti becoming the first black republic in the world. -
Independence of Mexico
Iturbide and Guerrero, the last guerrilla leader, made peace and signed the pact Plan de Iguala that proclaimed Mexico independent in 1821, after a revolution in Spain put a new group in power in 1820. -
Independence of Brazil
In 1822, by the time Napoleon was defeated, the people of Brazil wanted their independence. Creoles asked Portugal’s king son to rule an independent Brazil and he agreed, Brazil became free through a bloodless revolt. -
Independence for former Spanish Colonies
After Jose de San Martin helped win independence for Argentina in 1816 and Chile in 1818, while Simon Bolivar won independence for Venezuela in 1821, Bolivar led their combined armies to a great victory in 1824 that gave independence to all the former Spanish colonies. -
Egypt Independent
1831, After the British pushed the French out of Egypt, Egypt was still technically part of the Ottoman Empire. But Muhammad Ali, the ruler, made it an independent state was an independent ruler of a stronger, more modern Egypt. -
End of the resistance in Algeria against the French
On December 23 of 1843, after a lasting resistance to being ruled by the French, Abd el Kader, the Algerian political leader, surrendered and the French were victorious astering their rule in the colony. However, hostilities didn't end there. -
America forces Japan into Trade
For two centuries, Japan kept its national economy
mostly closed off to foreign trade, but that changed when four modern American warships sailed into Tokyo Bay. hopping to force Japan to change its trading approach allowing American goods to be sold there. -
Start of the "New Imperialism"
Empires had stoped expanding before 1880 but because of the industralization and need of international markets along with raw materials, old and new empires suddenly started to rapidly expand. -
The Asante Empire falls to the British
In 1900, four years after the British arrested Asante's king and exiled him, they decided to take Asante's independance completly and demanded they turn over he symbol of Asante Kingship. Yaa Asantewaa refused and in a last attempt he lead and army against the British which ended in her exile and the submission of Asante. -
Indian National Congress first flag
In 1931, the Indian National Congress created its first flag featuring a spinning wheel to honor India’s proud industrial past. It was a part of the struggle against the British rule. -
Buddhist Uprising
During 1966 in Vietnam, there was a tension between the North and South of the country that erupted when there was an interfereance on the selection of leadership. Buddhists who felt their faith was offended acted in civil disobedeance.