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French and Indian War
War in North America between French and English. -
Writ of Assistance
Act that allows British officials to search for the smuggling goods in the colonists ships and buildings. -
Treaty of Paris 1763
The end of the war between French and English. England won and took many French colonies. -
Proclamation of 1763
Proclamation Line, splitting Native Americans lands and colonists lands. -
Sugar Act & colonists response
1) some goods had lower tax
2) some new imports were taxed
3) smugglers were judged by English judges
colonists did not like it -
Stamp Act & colonists response
Colonists had to use stamps to prove that they paied taxes.
Colonists united to defy the law. -
Sons of Liberty is formed & Samuel Adams
Group of colonists that protested the Stamp Act. They were succesfull, but the same day, Parliamed passed Declaratory Act and then the Townshend Acts that taxed a new goods such as a tea. Samuel Adams led colonists to boycott this law. -
Declaratory Act
This act asserted Perliaments full right "to bind the colonies and people of America in all cases whatsoever". (Parliament states laws, not colonists) -
Townshend Acts & colonists response
This acts taxed goods imported into the colony from Britan such as glass, paper, paint, and certainly tea. Colonists boycotted this law. -
Boston Massacre
British soldiers in Bosten killed 5 colonists because they were hurling stones and snowballs on them. -
Tea Act
This act allowed British East India Company to sell tea to the colonies without taxes. -
Boston Tea Party
Boston rebels pretending to be Indians dumped 18,000 pounds of East India Company's tea to the ocean. -
Intolerable Acts – all 3 parts
1) Boston harbor shuted down
2) British commanders could use vacant buildings
3) Thomas Cage, British General, became the new governor of Massachusetts -
First Continental Congress meets
56 delegates met in Philadelphia and dicaded to defend their rights. If British use force, they wil use force too. -
Midnight riders: Revere, Dawes, Prescott
These three guys informed colonists that English were coming. -
Battle of Lexington
British 700 troops fought 70 minutemen. They killed 8 of them and 10 injured. That was the first fight. -
Battle of Concord
3 - 4 thausands minuteman attacked british troops and killed many of them. -
Second Continental Congress
There were different oppinions. Some of them wanted to fight British and some did not. Finally, congress agreed to make a Continental Army that led George Washington. -
minutemen
Colonial militia with G. Washington like its commander. -
Battle of Bunker Hill
The worst battle of the war. Casualties - 450 colonists and 1000 British -
Olive Branch Petition
Colonists sent letter to the King George III. urging a return to "the former harmony". King rejected it. -
John Locke’s Social Contract
Locke, English Philosopher, says that every government should respect people's natural rights and if not, people have the right to resist the government. -
Publication of Common Sense
In this book, Thomas Paine writes about British brutality and how would be better for colonists to be independent. It sold nearlu 500,000 copies and it changed mind many colonists. -
Loyalists and Patriots
Loyalists - colonists that opposed independence.
Patriots - the supporters of independence. -
Declaration of Independence
This declaration wrote lawyer Thomas Jefferson. It says the same oppinions like the Common Sense. It also says that "all men are created equal" and after that, colonists voted that they will be free. July 4, 1776, they adopted the Declaration of Independence. -
Redcoats push Washington’s army across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania
In August, 32,000 English soldiers attacked and seized New York. In fall, English pushed Continental Army into Pennsylvania. -
Washington’s Christmas night surprise attack
Washington led 2,400 men across the Delaware River to New Jersey and then, he defeated Hessians (British troops from Germmeny) in a surprise attack. Than, British moved to Philadelphia. -
Saratoga
English general Burgoyne planned to march from Canada to Albany, where he would meet British troops from New York and than, they would together isolate New England, but he did not, because they staied in Philadelphia. Than in Saratoga, Burgoyne surrendered. -
Valley Forge
Washington's army stayed in winter camp in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, where their lifes were really hard. They did not have a lot of food, houses, or clothes, and there were many diseases. 2,000 soldiers died. -
French-American Alliance
In February, 1778, after victory in Saratoga, French believed that Americans could win the war and they signed an allience with them. -
Friedrich von Steuben and Marquis de Lafayette
These two guys (Prussian and French captains) helped Continental Army in Valley Forge. They tought them hygiene, fightinng, and much more. -
British victories in the South
End of 1778, British took Savannah, Georgia. Then, in May 1780, British (Henry Clinton and Charles Cornwallis) took Charles Town and then, Clinton left for New York. 1781, Cornwallis moved to York Town, Virginia with 7,500 troops. -
British surrender at Yorktown
Lafayette and Washington with 17,000 troops moved toward Yorktown. By late September, they started bombarding Cornwallis' army. After one month, British surrendered. -
Treaty of Paris
U.S. independence and a new boundaries for them.
