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War in North America between French and English.
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Act that allows British officials to search for the smuggling goods in the colonists ships and buildings.
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The end of the war between French and English. England won and took many French colonies.
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Proclamation Line, splitting Native Americans lands and colonists lands.
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1) some goods had lower tax
2) some new imports were taxed
3) smugglers were judged by English judges
colonists did not like it -
Colonists had to use stamps to prove that they paied taxes.
Colonists united to defy the law. -
Group of colonists that protested the Stamp Act. They were succesfull, but the same day, Parliamed passed Declaratory Act and then the Townshend Acts that taxed a new goods such as a tea. Samuel Adams led colonists to boycott this law.
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This act asserted Perliaments full right "to bind the colonies and people of America in all cases whatsoever". (Parliament states laws, not colonists)
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This acts taxed goods imported into the colony from Britan such as glass, paper, paint, and certainly tea. Colonists boycotted this law.
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British soldiers in Bosten killed 5 colonists because they were hurling stones and snowballs on them.
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This act allowed British East India Company to sell tea to the colonies without taxes.
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Boston rebels pretending to be Indians dumped 18,000 pounds of East India Company's tea to the ocean.
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1) Boston harbor shuted down
2) British commanders could use vacant buildings
3) Thomas Cage, British General, became the new governor of Massachusetts -
56 delegates met in Philadelphia and dicaded to defend their rights. If British use force, they wil use force too.
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These three guys informed colonists that English were coming.
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British 700 troops fought 70 minutemen. They killed 8 of them and 10 injured. That was the first fight.
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3 - 4 thausands minuteman attacked british troops and killed many of them.
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There were different oppinions. Some of them wanted to fight British and some did not. Finally, congress agreed to make a Continental Army that led George Washington.
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Colonial militia with G. Washington like its commander.
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The worst battle of the war. Casualties - 450 colonists and 1000 British
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Colonists sent letter to the King George III. urging a return to "the former harmony". King rejected it.
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Locke, English Philosopher, says that every government should respect people's natural rights and if not, people have the right to resist the government.
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In this book, Thomas Paine writes about British brutality and how would be better for colonists to be independent. It sold nearlu 500,000 copies and it changed mind many colonists.
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Loyalists - colonists that opposed independence.
Patriots - the supporters of independence. -
This declaration wrote lawyer Thomas Jefferson. It says the same oppinions like the Common Sense. It also says that "all men are created equal" and after that, colonists voted that they will be free. July 4, 1776, they adopted the Declaration of Independence.
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In August, 32,000 English soldiers attacked and seized New York. In fall, English pushed Continental Army into Pennsylvania.
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Washington led 2,400 men across the Delaware River to New Jersey and then, he defeated Hessians (British troops from Germmeny) in a surprise attack. Than, British moved to Philadelphia.
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English general Burgoyne planned to march from Canada to Albany, where he would meet British troops from New York and than, they would together isolate New England, but he did not, because they staied in Philadelphia. Than in Saratoga, Burgoyne surrendered.
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Washington's army stayed in winter camp in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, where their lifes were really hard. They did not have a lot of food, houses, or clothes, and there were many diseases. 2,000 soldiers died.
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In February, 1778, after victory in Saratoga, French believed that Americans could win the war and they signed an allience with them.
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These two guys (Prussian and French captains) helped Continental Army in Valley Forge. They tought them hygiene, fightinng, and much more.
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End of 1778, British took Savannah, Georgia. Then, in May 1780, British (Henry Clinton and Charles Cornwallis) took Charles Town and then, Clinton left for New York. 1781, Cornwallis moved to York Town, Virginia with 7,500 troops.
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Lafayette and Washington with 17,000 troops moved toward Yorktown. By late September, they started bombarding Cornwallis' army. After one month, British surrendered.
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U.S. independence and a new boundaries for them.
