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Period: 9000 BCE to 221
Ancient Chinese civilization
(From Jiahu culture to Han dynasty) -
Period: 3500 BCE to 330 BCE
Mesopotamian civilizations
(Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Persian) -
Period: 3500 BCE to 3000 BCE
Sumerian invention of cuneiform
“wedge-shaped writing” -
Period: 3100 BCE to 31 BCE
Ancient Egyptian civilization
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Period: 3000 BCE to 86 BCE
Ancient Greek civilization
(Minoan, Mycenaean, Greek) -
2600 BCE
"Prince Rahotep and Princess Nofret"
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1790 BCE
"Head of Hammurabi"
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1754 BCE
Code of Hammurabi
Becomes one of the most ancient law codes, written by Babylonian king Hammurabi -
Period: 1700 BCE to 1500 BCE
Nomads from Iranian plateau
Bring beginnings of Hinduism to India -
Period: 1645 BCE to 1500 BCE
Santorini's volcano erupts
Destroys much of the island and its Minoan civilization -
1250 BCE
Trojan War
Between the Greeks and defenders of Troy, in modern-day Turkey -
753 BCE
Rome is founded by Romulus and Remus
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460 BCE
Democracy invented
By Pericles in the Greek city-state of Athens -
Period: 399 BCE to 322 BCE
Age of Greek philosophers
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle -
338 BCE
Alexander the Great conquers Greece
Unites city-states, and spreading the Greek culture and ideas across his empire -
335 BCE
"Portrait of Alexander the Great"
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250 BCE
"Portrait of Aristotle"
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200 BCE
"Portrait of Plato"
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313
Edict of Milan
Issued by Roman Emperor Constantine, allowing Christianity in Roman Empire -
324
Constantine divides Rome
Into the Eastern and Western Empire, making Constantinople center of the Eastern Empire -
476
Roman Empire falls
Last Roman Emperor of West, Romulus Augustulus, removed from throne; Roman Empire of West is ended and Dark Ages begin -
476
Roman Empire falls
Last Roman Emperor of West, Romulus Augustulus removed from throne; Roman Empire of West is ended and Dark Ages begin -
610
Prophet Muhammed begins teaching Islam
In Arabian peninsula -
800
Pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne
Crowns Charlemagne as Emperor of the West, beginning Holy Roman Empire -
Period: 1100 to
Japanese feudalism
Organizes Japan into society led by shoguns and emperors -
1179
"Portrait of Yorimoto"
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1294
"Kublai Khan"
Anige -
1346
Black Death
Kills ⅓ of Europe’s population -
1390
"Richard II (The Westminster Portrait)"
Piero della Francesca -
Period: 1400 to
European Renaissance
Marks a rebirth in Classical (Greek and Roman) knowledge -
1440
Invention of printing press
Invented by Johann Gutenberg in Germany; begins the mass-production of knowledge and innovation -
1453
Constantinople conquered by the Turks
Ends Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) and begins Ottoman Empire -
1465
"Portraits of the Duke and Duchess of Urbino"
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1492
Christopher Columbus arrives in the Caribbean
Arrives from Spain as the first European to set foot in the Americas -
1517
Martin Luther nails his 95 Theses
On the Wittenberg Cathedral, beginning the Protestant Reformation -
1522
Magellan’s expedition
Becomes first voyage around the world by sea -
1543
Polish astronomer Copernicus
Theorizes that the sun is at the center of the universe -
Period: to
Baroque art
Combines Renaissance technique with emotion and intensity -
"Portrait of Phillip IV in Fraga"
Diego Velázquez -
Industrial Revolution
Begins in England, spreading to America in 1820 -
American Revolution
Battle of Lexington triggers beginning of American Revolution -
"Paul Revere"
John Singleton Copley -
Period: to
Neoclassicism
Strives to create morally uplifting, intellectual art -
French Revolution
Parisians storm the Bastille prison; the French Revolution begins -
"The Death of Marat"
Jacques-Louis David -
"George Washington"
Gilbert Stuart -
Period: to
Romanticism
Movement conveys unrestrained passion and expression through drama and nature in art and literature -
"Napoleon in his Study at the Tuileries"
Jacques-Louis David -
Period: to
Impressionism
Aspires to convey the atmosphere of the momentary -
"Portrait of Zacharie Astruc"
Edouard Manet -
Karl Marx’s "Das Kapital"
Describes the communist philosophy -
Period: to
Post-Impressionism
Creates more substantial art from Impressionist techniques -
"Self-Portrait with a Straw Hat"
Vincent van Gogh -
Period: to
Fauvism
Creates art whose subject is vibrant colors, patterns, and forms -
Period: to
Fauvism
Creates art whose subject is vibrant colors, patterns, and forms -
"André Derain"
Henri Matisse -
Period: to
American art
Synthesizes realism and everyday American life -
Period: to
Cubism
analyzes and reinvents form -
World War I
Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand sparks the start of World War I -
"American Gothic"
Grant Wood -
"Portrait of Dora Maar"
Pablo Picasso -
World War II
Germany invades Poland, beginning World War II -
Invention of microchip
By Jack St. Clair Kilby -
Pop art
Reflects consumerism of America through pop culture -
"Untitled" from "Marilyn Monroe"
Andy Warhol -
Man on the moon
Neil Armstrong becomes the first person to set foot on the moon -
Soviet Union collapses
Government of Soviet Union collapses, and Russia becomes independent sovereign state
