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• COG - curse over ground
• Trade and war
• North - oars replaced with steering
• Mediterranean - sails -
• Powered by sail, oar or both
• Largest and most dependable ship of the time
• Easy for entering and leaving ports -
• 3 masted lanteen boats
• Passengers and sailors holding cargo
• Smaller and faster -
• Sailors became bolder and stronger
• Sailing was easier
• Ships were designed for longer voyages
• Ships were more reliable and stronger -
• Prince Henry the Navigator
• Navigational techniques
• Celestial navigation
• Sun, moon and stars -
• Chinese were ahead of Europe
• Chinese made junk, boat parts and the magnetic compass
• China relied on Portuguese and Dutch for trade -
• Europe’s caravel boat was most significant -
• Boats with keels were not allowed
• Had to be shored up
• Problem - Mediterranean doesn’t have many tides -
• Carrack - Portuguese ship
• Carried men and lots of cargo
• Had “U” shape form in the middle - Hard for smaller ships to attack -
• Large and three-masted
• Oars and sails derived from the Galleys
• Powerful ships
• Successful in battles of that time -
• Native Americans produced a canoe- Birchbark canoe
• Lightweight and made of bark
• Easy for travelling through rivers and lakes
• Helped French with fur trading -
• Ship-pretty small
• Used by French explorers
• Two-masted ship -
• 17th century-Great Britain attacked America
• New England introduced new ship - Chaleur (fast boat) -
• Formal and rowed ship
• Ten to twenty oars
• Transport - senior officers -
• To fire at other ships during war
• Used to destroy disabled enemy vessels -
• Fast and mostly used by smugglers in England
• One-masted sailing vessel
• Holds up to 12 guns -
• Developed by French in the Battle of Barbary
• Trajectory mortars -
• Built for speed and beauty
• Three-masted
• Square-rigged
• Famous in England -
• Spars made of steel -
• Ship had two levels, one gun deck
• Occupy thirty to forty guns -
• Masted-ships usage declined
• Evolution of steam engine
• More efficient ways of travel -
• Warships hold 1500 soldiers
• Built-in guns, cannons and other weapons
• Could go 33 knots
• Built with several inches of steel for protection